The present study aims to investigate the effect of wholegrain and legume consumption on the incidence of age-related cataract in an older Australian population-based cohort. The Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) is a population-based cohort study of eye diseases among older adults aged 49 years or older (1992–1994, n 3654). Of 2334 participants of the second examination of the BMES (BMES 2, 1997–2000), 1541 (78·3 % of survivors) were examined 5 years later (BMES 3) who had wholegrain and legume consumption estimated from the FFQ at BMES 2. Cataract was assessed using photographs taken during examinations following the Wisconsin cataract grading system. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations with the 5-year incidence of cataract from BMES 2 (baseline) to BMES 3. The 5-year incidence of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract was 18·2, 16·5 and 5·9 %, respectively. After adjustment for age, sex and other factors, total wholegrain consumption at baseline was not associated with incidence of any type of cataract. High consumption of legumes showed a protective association for incident PSC cataract (5th quintile: adjusted OR 0·37; 95 % CI 0·15, 0·92). There was no significant trend of this association across quintiles (P = 0·08). In this older Australian population, we found no associations between wholegrain intake at baseline and the 5-year incidence of three cataract types. However, intake of legumes in the highest quintile, compared with the lowest quintile, may protect against PSC formation, a finding needing replication in other studies.

中文翻译：

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蓝山眼科研究中的全麦和豆类消费与年龄相关性白内障的 5 年发病率

本研究旨在调查全麦和豆类消费对澳大利亚老年人群中与年龄相关的白内障发病率的影响。蓝山眼科研究 (BMES) 是一项基于人群的 49 岁或以上老年人眼病队列研究（1992-1994，n3654）。在 BMES 的第二次检查（BMES 2，1997-2000）的 2334 名参与者中，1541 名（78·3 % 的幸存者）在 5 年后接受了检查（BMES 3），他们在 BMES 2 的 FFQ 中估计了全谷物和豆类的消费量. 根据威斯康星州白内障分级系统，使用在检查期间拍摄的照片评估白内障。多变量调整逻辑回归模型用于评估从 BMES 2（基线）到 BMES 3 的 5 年白内障发病率的关联。皮质、核和后囊下 (PSC) 白内障的 5 年发病率为 18·2，分别为 16·5 和 5·9 %。在对年龄、性别和其他因素进行调整后，基线时的全麦总摄入量与任何类型白内障的发病率无关。大量食用豆类表明对 PSC 白内障的保护性关联（第 5 个五分位数：调整后的 OR 0·37；95 % CI 0·15, 0·92）。这种关联在五分之一之间没有显着趋势（磷= 0·08)。在这个澳大利亚老年人群中，我们发现基线时的全麦摄入量与三种白内障类型的 5 年发病率之间没有关联。然而，与最低五分之一相比，摄入最高五分之一的豆类可以防止 PSC 的形成，这一发现需要在其他研究中复制。