Early adiposity rebound (EAR) predicts paediatric overweight/obesity, but current approaches do not consider both the starting point of EAR and the BMI trajectory. We compared the clinical characteristics at birth, age 3–5 and 6–8 years of children, according to the EAR and to its type (type A/type B-EAR). We assessed the childrenʼs odds of being classified as overweight/obese at age 6–8 years, according to the type of EAR as defined at age 3–5 years. As part of this two-wave observational study, 1055 children were recruited and examined at age 3–5 years. Antenatal and postnatal information was collected through interviews with parents, and weight and height from the health records. Type A and type B-EAR were defined in wave 1 according to the BMI nadir and the variation of BMI z-score between the starting point of the adiposity rebound and the last point on the curve. At 6–8 years (wave 2), 867 children were followed up; 426 (40·4 %) children demonstrated EAR. Among them, 172 had type A-EAR, higher rates of parental obesity (P < 0·05) and greater birth weight compared with other children (P < 0·001). Odds for overweight/obesity at 6–8 years, when adjusting for antenatal and postnatal factors, was 21·35 (95 % CI 10·94, 41·66) in type A-EAR children and not significant in type B-EAR children (OR 1·76; 95 % CI 0·84, 3·68) compared with children without EAR. Classification of EAR into two subtypes provides physicians with a reliable approach to identify children at risk for overweight/obesity before the age of 5 years.

中文翻译：

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A型和B型早期肥胖反弹预测儿童超重和肥胖的比较：纵向研究

早期肥胖反弹 (EAR) 可预测儿科超重/肥胖，但目前的方法并未同时考虑 EAR 的起点和 BMI 轨迹。我们根据 EAR 及其类型（A 型/B-EAR 型）比较了出生时、3-5 岁和 6-8 岁儿童的临床特征。我们根据 3-5 岁定义的 EAR 类型评估了儿童在 6-8 岁时被归类为超重/肥胖的几率。作为这项两波观察研究的一部分，1055 名儿童在 3-5 岁时被招募和检查。通过与父母的访谈以及健康记录中的体重和身高收集产前和产后信息。根据 BMI 最低点和 BMI 的变化，在第 1 波中定义 A 型和 B-EAR 型z- 肥胖反弹的起点和曲线上的最后一点之间的分数。在 6-8 岁（第 2 波）时，对 867 名儿童进行了随访；426 (40·4 %) 名儿童出现 EAR。其中，A-EAR 型 172 人，父母肥胖率较高（磷< 0·05) 和比其他孩子更大的出生体重 (磷< 0·001)。调整产前和产后因素后，6-8 岁超重/肥胖的几率在 A-EAR 型儿童中为 21·35（95 % CI 10·94, 41·66），在 B-EAR 型儿童中不显着(OR 1·76; 95 % CI 0·84, 3·68) 与没有 EAR 的儿童相比。将 EAR 分为两种亚型为医生提供了一种可靠的方法来识别 5 岁之前有超重/肥胖风险的儿童。