In 2010, a split-plot experiment was set up in Poland in order to determine the follow-up effect of the white clover intercropping system on biomass and morphology of willow. In 2010 willow was planted in a pure stand and intercropped with white clover. In 2013, after willow achieved a proper growth stage (2010–2012), plant measurements were made in the years 2013–2014. The experiment was carried out with two factors in a split-plot design: the first factor was the cultivation system (main plot) (a) without white clover and (b) with white clover, and the second factor was three basket willow clones: 1047, 1052 and 1057 (subplot). The investigated characters were biomass yield, height of plants, shoot diameter and plant loss. No N fertilization or pesticides were used. The intercropping system (willow with white clover) reduced the number of willow plants, but the willow height was lower in the pure stand (368 cm) than in the intercropping system (409 cm). The highest dry matter yield (30.8 t ha−1), crude ash yield (434 kg ha−1) and macronutrient (N, P, K and Mg) content were obtained with clone 1047.

中文翻译：

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白三叶（Trifolium repens L.）间作系统对柳树（Salix viminalis L.）生物量和形态的后续影响

2010年在波兰建立了裂区试验，以确定白三叶间作系统对柳树生物量和形态的后续影响。2010年，柳树被种植在纯林中，并与白三叶草间作。2013 年，在柳树达到适当的生长阶段（2010-2012 年）后，在 2013-2014 年进行了植物测量。实验采用裂区设计的两个因素进行：第一个因素是栽培系统（主小区）（a）没有白三叶草和（b）有白三叶草，第二个因素是三个篮柳无性系： 1047、1052 和 1057（子图）。研究的特征是生物量产量、植物高度、枝条直径和植物损失。没有使用氮肥或杀虫剂。间作系统（白三叶柳）减少了柳树植物的数量，但纯林的柳树高度（368 cm）低于间作系统（409 cm）。最高干物质产量（30.8 t ha-1), 粗灰产量 (434 kg ha-1) 和常量营养素（N、P、K 和 Mg）含量是用克隆 1047 获得的。