This study develops a decision-making procedure to help policymakers compare alternative patterns for sustainable diets by reaching a compromise among three criteria: socio-economic perspective, health and environment (including carbon and water footprints). An Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was performed in several stages. First, a total of 25 stakeholders (members of organizations on the Valencia Food Policy Council) evaluated criteria that are relevant to the sustainability of diets. Secondly, a workshop with 14 experts from different backgrounds evaluated by consensus four dietary alternatives: Mediterranean, flexitarian, pescatarian and vegan. In terms of environment, experts gave priority to the vegan diet. However, the Mediterranean diet pattern (MDP) appeared, according to the process, as the most suitable pattern from the holistic perspective that integrates all relevant criteria. The MDP was ranked first in terms of the health criterion and the socio-economic perspective. These include culture, affordability, social impact and local production as decision elements that food policy advisory bodies take into consideration to define sustainable diets.

中文翻译：

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将可持续性纳入城市饮食模式的多标准评估

本研究制定了一个决策程序，通过在三个标准之间达成妥协来帮助决策者比较可持续饮食的替代模式：社会经济观点、健康和环境（包括碳和水足迹）。层次分析法 (AHP) 分几个阶段进行。首先，共有 25 个利益相关者（瓦伦西亚食品政策委员会的组织成员）评估了与饮食可持续性相关的标准。其次，由来自不同背景的 14 位专家组成的研讨会通过共识评估了四种饮食选择：地中海、弹性素食、鱼素素食和纯素食。在环境方面，专家们优先考虑纯素饮食。然而，根据这个过程，地中海饮食模式（MDP）出现了，从整合所有相关标准的整体角度来看，这是最合适的模式。MDP 在健康标准和社会经济角度方面排名第一。其中包括文化、可负担性、社会影响和当地生产，这些都是食品政策咨询机构在定义可持续饮食时考虑的决策要素。