Direct dates of pottery obtained from food crusts or other organic residues on the vessel surfaces can be affected by a reservoir effect and/or an old wood effect and therefore be unreliable. Hence, there is a need for alternative ways to directly date pottery. Moss is used as temper by several cultural groups of the late 6th to early 4th millennium cal BC in northwestern Europe. After the pottery is fired, charred moss remains are often preserved in the clay, so that relatively short-lived plant material with a direct chronological link to the pottery and human occupation is available for radiocarbon (14C) dating. In this study, charred moss temper is extracted for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating from pottery of the Swifterbant Culture and Spiere group in the Scheldt river valley (Belgium). The moss dates are then compared to reference dates of organic macro-remains from the same sites and food crust dates with or without a reservoir effect of the same pottery. Eleven out of 13 moss dates are in line with the expected pottery age. The paired dates of moss temper and food crusts from the same potsherds confirm a freshwater reservoir effect (FRE) for the latter. We conclude that moss temper has great potential as a sample material for direct pottery dating. However, more research on the extraction and pretreatment of moss temper as well as on the reliability of moss dates is necessary in the future.

中文翻译：

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来自斯凯尔特河谷（比利时）的新石器时代陶器中保存的苔藓温度的 AMS 14C 日期的可靠性

从容器表面上的食物结皮或其他有机残留物获得的直接陶器日期可能会受到水库效应和/或旧木材效应的影响，因此不可靠。因此，需要替代方法来直接确定陶器的年代。公元前 6 世纪末至 4 世纪初，欧洲西北部的几个文化群体将苔藓用作脾气。陶器烧制后，烧焦的苔藓残留物通常保存在粘土中，因此与陶器和人类职业有直接时间联系的寿命相对较短的植物材料可用于放射性碳（14C) 约会。在本研究中，提取焦苔回火用于加速器质谱 (AMS)14C 可追溯到斯海尔德河谷（比利时）的 Swifterbant 文化和 Spiere 集团的陶器。然后将苔藓日期与来自同一地点的有机大残骸的参考日期和食物结皮日期进行比较，无论是否具有相同陶器的水库效应。13 个苔藓枣中有 11 个符合预期的陶器年龄。来自同一陶片的苔藓脾气和食物结皮的配对日期证实了后者的淡水水库效应（FRE）。我们得出结论，苔藓脾气作为直接陶器测年的样品材料具有很大的潜力。然而，未来还需要对苔藓质的提取和预处理以及苔藓枣的可靠性进行更多的研究。