Whale strandings occur in many places worldwide and numerous possible explanations for this phenomenon have been proposed, including the effects of astronomical events such as Solar eruptions on the Earth's magnetic field. Whales use the geomagnetic field for navigation, and its distortion can therefore result in whale strandings in certain regions. However, Solar storms do not have the same impact on the geomagnetic field across the whole of the Earth's surface, and positions nearer to the equator are less exposed to this phenomenon. It is therefore plausible that Solar storms can explain whale strandings at high latitude at least, but not necessarily worldwide. This review considers strandings in relation to the geographical and geomagnetic properties of locations at higher latitudes and to changes in the magnetic field over recent centuries. It also focuses on a Solar storm in December 2015. These considerations suggest that navigation errors due to Solar storms are more likely to occur at higher latitudes, particularly in sea areas where the animals might subsequently swim into a geographic trap and become stranded. For sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), the southern Norwegian Sea in conjunction with the shallow North Sea represents such an area.

中文翻译：

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太阳风暴引起的鲸鱼搁浅在哪里更有可能发生？

鲸鱼搁浅发生在世界许多地方，并且已经提出了对这种现象的许多可能的解释，包括天文事件（如太阳爆发）对地球磁场的影响。鲸鱼利用地磁场进行导航，因此其失真会导致鲸鱼在某些区域搁浅。然而，太阳风暴对整个地球表面的地磁场没有相同的影响，靠近赤道的位置较少受到这种现象的影响。因此，太阳风暴至少可以解释高纬度的鲸鱼搁浅是合理的，但不一定是全球性的。这篇综述考虑了与高纬度地区的地理和地磁特性以及近几个世纪磁场变化有关的搁浅。它还关注 2015 年 12 月的太阳风暴。这些考虑表明，由于太阳风暴导致的导航错误更有可能发生在高纬度地区，特别是在动物随后可能游入地理陷阱并被搁浅的海域。对于抹香鲸（大头鱼)，挪威海南部和北海浅海代表了这样一个区域。