ABSTRACT The wave transfer function derived from the linear wavemaker theory has been widely applied to validate the accuracy of the regular wave. However, it is limited to analyze the waves with large wave steepness, short wavelength, or breaking wave generated right on the wave paddle. By introducing the piston stroke-to-water depth ratio, the empirical formula in the literature is modified to predict both regular and breaking waves according to the wave steepness. Using an experimental wave flume, regular and breaking waves are generated by manipulating the target wave steepness and stroke-to-water depth ratio. The proposed equation is verified in accordance with the experiment results, and optimal variables including energy loss coefficient and breaker index are presented by analyzing the root-mean-square errors. With the developed equation, wave heights and relative depths from any type of piston-type wavemaker can be predicted if the variables of the proposed equation are properly adjusted. Additionally, the numerical wave tank (NWT) is modeled by smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), and the numerically calculated wave heights show good agreement with the proposed equation. The developed methodology can be employed as a guideline toward further studies including analyses of structural behavior under the breaking wave.

中文翻译：

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活塞式造波器破碎波的实验与SPH模拟对比研究

摘要 由线性造波器理论推导出来的波传递函数已被广泛应用于验证规则波的精度。然而，它仅限于分析波浪陡度大、波长短或恰好在波浪桨上产生的破碎波。通过引入活塞冲程与水深比，修改文献中的经验公式，根据波陡度预测规则波和破碎波。使用实验波槽，通过操纵目标波陡度和冲程与水深比来生成规则波和破碎波。根据实验结果对提出的方程进行了验证，并通过分析均方根误差，给出了包括能量损失系数和断路器指数在内的最优变量。用发达的方程，如果适当调整建议方程的变量，则可以预测任何类型的活塞式造波器的波高和相对深度。此外，数值波浪水池 (NWT) 是通过平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 建模的，数值计算的波高与所提出的方程非常吻合。所开发的方法可用作进一步研究的指南，包括对破碎波下的结构行为进行分析。