Abstract There have been substantial advancements in optical spectroscopy-based imaging techniques in recent years. These developments can potentially herald a transformational change in the diagnostic pathway for diseases such as cancer. In this paper, we review the clinical and engineering aspects of novel optical spectroscopy-based imaging tools. We provide a comprehensive analysis of optical and non-optical spectroscopy-based breast cancer diagnosis techniques vis-à-vis the current standard techniques such as X-Ray mammography, ultrasonography, and tissue biopsy. The recent advancements in optical spectroscopy-based imaging systems such as Transillumination Imaging (TI) and the various types of Diffuse Optical Imaging (DOI) systems (parallel-plate, bed-based, and handheld) are examined. The engineering aspects, including mechanical, electronics, optics, automatic interpretation using artificial intelligence (AI), and ergonomics are discussed. The abilities of these technologies for measuring several cancer biomarkers such as hemoglobin, water, lipid, collagen, oxygen saturation (SO2), and tissue oxygenation index (TOI) are investigated. This article critically assesses the diagnostic ability and practical deployment of these new technologies to differentiate between the normal and cancerous tissue.

中文翻译：

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用于诊断乳腺癌的基于光谱的成像技术：一种新方法

摘要 近年来，基于光谱的成像技术取得了重大进展。这些发展可能预示着癌症等疾病诊断途径的变革。在本文中，我们回顾了基于光谱的新型成像工具的临床和工程方面。我们提供基于光学和非光学光谱的乳腺癌诊断技术与当前标准技术（如 X 射线乳房 X 光检查、超声检查和组织活检）的综合分析。研究了基于光谱的成像系统的最新进展，例如透射成像 (TI) 和各种类型的漫射光学成像 (DOI) 系统（平行板、床基和手持）。工程方面，包括机械、讨论了电子学、光学、使用人工智能 (AI) 的自动解释和人体工程学。研究了这些技术测量几种癌症生物标志物的能力，例如血红蛋白、水、脂质、胶原蛋白、氧饱和度 (SO2) 和组织氧合指数 (TOI)。本文批判性地评估了这些新技术的诊断能力和实际部署，以区分正常组织和癌组织。