Abstract Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils pose severe threats to the environment and human health. It is therefore imperative to have access to simple, rapid, portable, and accurate methods for their detection in soils. In this regard, the review introduces recent progresses made in the development and applications of spectroscopic methods for in situ semi-quantitative and quantitative detection of PTEs in soil and critically compares them to standard analytical methods. The advantages and limitations of these methods are discussed together with recent advances in chemometrics and data mining techniques allowing to extract useful information based on spectral data. Furthermore, the factors influencing soil spectra and data analysis are discussed and recommendations on how to reduce or eliminate their influences are provided. Future research and development needs for spectroscopy techniques are emphasized, and an analytical framework based on technology integration and data fusion is proposed to improve the measurement accuracy of PTEs in soil.

中文翻译：

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估算土壤中潜在有毒元素的光谱方法的适用性：最新技术和未来趋势

摘要 土壤中的潜在有毒元素（PTEs）对环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。因此，必须获得简单、快速、便携和准确的方法来检测土壤中的它们。在这方面，该综述介绍了在土壤中 PTE 原位半定量和定量检测光谱方法的开发和应用方面取得的最新进展，并将它们与标准分析方法进行了严格的比较。这些方法的优点和局限性与化学计量学和数据挖掘技术的最新进展一起讨论，这些技术允许基于光谱数据提取有用的信息。此外，还讨论了影响土壤光谱和数据分析的因素，并就如何减少或消除其影响提出了建议。