ABSTRACT

Environmental contaminants exposure may lead to detrimental changes to the microRNAs (miRNAs) expression resulting in several health effects. miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, have multiple transcript targets and thereby regulate several signalling molecules. Even a minor alteration in the abundance of one miRNA can have deep effects on global gene expression. Altered patterns of miRNAs can be responsible for changes linked to various health outcomes, suggesting that specific miRNAs are activated in pathophysiological processes. In this review, we provide an overview of studies investigating the impact of air pollution, organic chemicals, and heavy metals on miRNA expression and the potential biologic effects on humans.

Abbreviations: AHRR, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor; AHR, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor; As, arsenic; BCL2, B-cell lymphoma 2; BCL2L11, B-cell lymphoma 2 like 11; BCL6, B-cell lymphoma 6; BPA, bisphenol A; CVD, cardiovascular diseases; CD40, cluster of differentiation 40; CCND1, Cyclin D1; CDKN1A, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A; Cr, chromium; CTBP1, C-terminal binding protein 1; CXCL12, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12; DAZAP1, deleted in azoospermia associated protein 1; DEP, diesel exhaust particles; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; EVs, extracellular vesicles; FAK, focal adhesion kinase; FAS, fas cell surface death receptor; FOXO, forkhead box O; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; Hg, mercury; HLA-A, human leukocyte antigen A; HMGB, high-mobility group protein B; IFNAR2, interferon alpha receptor subunit 2; IL-6, interleukin-6; IRAK1, interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1; JAK/STAT, janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; miRNAs, microRNAs; MVs, microvesicles; NCDs, noncommunicable diseases; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells; NFkB, nuclear factor kappa B; NRF2, nuclear factor, erythroid-derived 2; NRG3, neuregulin 3; O₃, ozone; OP, organophosphorus pesticides; PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Pb, lead; PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls; PDCD4, programmed cell death 4; PDGFB, platelet derived growth factor subunit beta; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PI3K/Akt, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B; PKA, protein kinase A; PM, particulate matter; PRKCQ, protein kinase C theta; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; SORT1, sortilin 1; TGFβ, transforming growth factor-β; TLR, toll-like receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factors; TRAF1, tumor necrosis factors-receptor associated factors 1; TRAP, traffic-related air pollution; TREM1, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1; TRIAP1, TP53 regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; XRCC2, X-ray repair cross complementing 2; YBX2, Y-box-binding protein 2; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1; ZEB2, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2; 8-OH-dG, 8-hydroxy-guanine.

摘要

环境污染物暴露可能导致 microRNA (miRNA) 表达的有害变化，从而导致多种健康影响。miRNA 是调节基因表达的小型非编码 RNA，具有多个转录靶标，从而调节多个信号分子。即使一个 miRNA 丰度的微小变化也会对全局基因表达产生深远影响。改变的 miRNA 模式可能导致与各种健康结果相关的变化，这表明特定的 miRNA 在病理生理过程中被激活。在这篇综述中，我们概述了调查空气污染、有机化学物质和重金属对 miRNA 表达的影响以及对人类的潜在生物学影响的研究。

缩写：AHRR，芳烃受体阻遏物；AHR，芳烃受体；如，砷；BCL2，B细胞淋巴瘤2；BCL2L11，B细胞淋巴瘤2样11；BCL6，B细胞淋巴瘤6；BPA、双酚A；心血管疾病、心血管疾病；CD40，分化簇 40；CCND1，细胞周期蛋白 D1；CDKN1A，细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂 1A；Cr、铬；CTBP1，C末端结合蛋白1；CXCL12，CXC 基序趋化因子配体 12；DAZAP1，在无精子症相关蛋白 1 中缺失；DEP，柴油机尾气颗粒；EGFR，表皮生长因子受体；eNOS，内皮一氧化氮合酶；EVs，细胞外囊泡；FAK，粘着斑激酶；FAS，fas细胞表面死亡受体；FOXO，叉头箱O；HbA1c，糖化血红蛋白；汞，汞；HLA-A，人白细胞抗原 A；HMGB，高迁移率族蛋白 B；IFNAR2，干扰素 α 受体亚基 2；IL-6，白细胞介素-6；IRAK1，白细胞介素 1 受体相关激酶 1；JAK/STAT、janus 激酶/信号转导和转录激活剂；MAPK，丝裂原活化蛋白激酶；miRNA、微小RNA；MV，微泡；非传染性疾病，非传染性疾病；NFAT，活化 T 细胞的核因子；NFkB，核因子κB；NRF2，核因子，红系衍生 2；NRG3，神经调节蛋白 3；○₃, 臭氧; OP，有机磷农药；PAHs，多环芳烃；铅，铅；多氯联苯、多氯联苯；PDCD4，程序性细胞死亡 4；PDGFB，血小板衍生生长因子亚基β；PDGFR，血小板衍生生长因子受体；PI3K/Akt，磷酸肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶 B；PKA，蛋白激酶 A；PM，颗粒物；PRKCQ，蛋白激酶 C theta；PTEN、磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物；SORT1，分选蛋白 1；TGFβ，转化生长因子-β；TLR，toll​​ 样受体；TNF，肿瘤坏死因子；TRAF1，肿瘤坏死因子-受体相关因子1；TRAP，交通相关的空气污染；TREM1，在骨髓细胞 1 上表达的触发受体；TRIAP1，TP53 调节的凋亡抑制剂 1；VCAM-1，血管细胞粘附分子1；VEGFA，血管内皮生长因子 A；XRCC2, X线修复交叉补2；YBX2，Y-盒结合蛋白 2；ZEB1，锌指 E-box-binding homeobox 1；ZEB2，锌指 E-box-binding homeobox 2；8-OH-dG，8-羟基鸟嘌呤。