Widespread degradation of natural lands has created an urgent need for restoration. However, the high cost of conventional techniques limits the extent and success of restoration efforts. As a result, practitioners have developed new cost‐effective techniques. Spatially patterned restoration methods, where established clusters of plant species serve as propagule sources across a broad target area, have been proposed as practical restoration techniques. The spatial patterning is expected to reduce initial costs and provide ecological benefits such as increasing habitat heterogeneity. Over the past three decades, multiple spatially patterned restoration methods have emerged around the globe; however, it is unclear whether applications and theoretical foundations have been connected across methods. We conducted a literature review and bibliometric network analyses to (1) examine patterns in focal study systems, cost‐effectiveness, and ecological outcomes for spatially patterned restoration methods and (2) analyze connectivity among the bodies of literature associated with common spatially patterned restoration methods to identify knowledge gaps and synergies. We found the three most commonly studied methods are applied nucleation, slot seeding, and strip seeding. Applied nucleation studies mainly occurred in tropical forests and emphasized plant diversity and seed‐dispersing animal visitation. Slot‐seeding and strip‐seeding studies both primarily occurred in temperate grasslands and emphasized plant establishment and production. Applied nucleation and slot‐seeding approaches had distinct theoretical bases, as evidenced by patterns in reference citation, while strip‐seeding approaches did not draw from a unified body of literature. We discuss the need for full economic analyses and theoretical links between the different methods.

中文翻译：

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使用空间模式化方法在整个系统中进行植被恢复和管理

自然土地的广泛退化已经迫切需要恢复。然而，常规技术的高成本限制了修复工作的范围和成功。结果，从业人员开发了新的具有成本效益的技术。已经提出了将空间格局的恢复方法作为实用的恢复技术，在这种方法中，已建立的植物物种簇可作为跨越广泛目标区域的繁殖源。预计空间格局将减少初始成本并提供生态效益，例如增加栖息地的异质性。在过去的三十年中，全球范围内出现了多种空间模式的恢复方法。但是，尚不清楚应用程序和理论基础是否已跨方法连接。我们进行了文献综述和文献计量网络分析，以（1）研究空间模式恢复方法的重点研究系统中的模式，成本效益和生态成果，以及（2）分析与常见空间模式恢复方法相关的文献之间的联系找出知识差距和协同作用。我们发现三种最常用的研究方法是成核，切槽播种和条带播种。应用成核研究主要发生在热带森林中，强调植物多样性和种子散布动物的探访。缝播和条播研究都主要发生在温带草原，并着重于植物的建立和生产。应用的成核和缝隙播种方法具有不同的理论基础，正如参考引文中的模式所证明的那样，而条带播种方法并非来自统一的文献。我们讨论了进行全面经济分析和不同方法之间的理论联系的必要性。