The frequency with which people interact with technology means that users may develop interface habits, i.e. fast, automatic responses to stable interface cues. Design guidelines often assume that interface habits are beneficial. However, we lack quantitative evidence of how the development of habits actually affect user performance and an understanding of how changes in the interface design may affect habit development. Our work quantifies the effect of habit formation and disruption on user performance in interaction. Through a forced choice lab study task (n=19) and in the wild deployment (n=18) of a notification dialog experiment on smartphones, we show that people become more accurate and faster at option selection as they develop an interface habit. Crucially this performance gain is entirely eliminated once the habit is disrupted. We discuss reasons for this performance shift and analyse some disadvantages of interface habits, outlining general design patterns on how to both support and disrupt them.

人们与技术互动的频率意味着用户可能养成界面习惯，即对稳定的界面提示进行快速，自动的响应。设计指南通常认为界面习惯是有益的。但是，我们缺乏定量的证据来证明习惯的发展实际上如何影响用户的性能，以及缺乏对界面设计的更改如何影响习惯发展的理解。我们的工作量化了习惯养成和破坏习惯对交互中用户表现的影响。通过强制选择实验室研究任务（n = 19）和野外部署（n= 18）在智能手机上进行的通知对话框实验，我们发现人们会养成界面习惯，从而在选择选项时变得更加准确和快捷。至关重要的是，一旦习惯被破坏，这种性能提升将被完全消除。我们讨论了这种性能转变的原因，并分析了界面习惯的一些缺点，概述了如何支持和破坏它们的一般设计模式。