To realize direct power generation from biofuels in natural organisms, we demonstrate a needle-type biofuel cell (BFC) using enzyme/mediator/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite fibers with the structure Osmium-based polymer/CNT/glucose oxidase/Os-based polymer/CNT. The composite fibers performed a high current density (10 mA/cm²) in 5 mM artificial blood glucose. Owing to their hydrophilicity, they also provided sufficient ionic conductivity between the needle-type anode and the gas-diffusion cathode. When the tip of the anodic needle was inserted into natural specimens of grape, kiwifruit, and apple, the assembled BFC generated powers of 55, 44, and 33 μW from glucose, respectively. In addition, the power generated from the blood glucose in mouse heart was 16.3 μW at 0.29 V. The lifetime of the BFC was improved by coating an anti-fouling polymer 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) on the anodic electrode, and sealing the cathodic hydrogel chamber with medical tape to minimize the water evaporation without compromising the oxygen permeability.

为了实现自然生物中生物燃料的直接发电，我们展示了一种使用基于//聚合物/ CNT /葡萄糖氧化酶/ Os的结构的酶/介体/碳纳米管（CNT）复合纤维的针状生物燃料电池（BFC）聚合物/ CNT。复合纤维的电流密度高（10 mA / cm ²）在5 mM的人造血糖中。由于它们的亲水性，它们还在针型阳极和气体扩散阴极之间提供了足够的离子导电性。当将阳极针的尖端插入到葡萄，奇异果和苹果的天然样本中时，组装的BFC分别从葡萄糖产生55、44和33μW的功率。此外，在0.29 V时，小鼠心脏中的血糖产生的功率为16.3μW。通过在阳极电极上涂覆防污聚合物2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酰胆碱（MPC）并密封阴极，可以改善BFC的寿命。带医用胶带的水凝胶腔室可最大程度地减少水的蒸发，同时又不影响透氧性。