Pulmonary embolism (PE) due to deep vein thrombosis is a complication with severe morbidity and mortality rates. Neurocritical care patients constitute an inhomogeneous cohort with often strict contraindications to conventional embolism treatment. The aim of the present study is to identify risk factors for pulmonary embolism for intensified risk stratification in this demanding cohort. In this retrospective analysis, 387 neurocritical care patients received computed tomography for clinical suspicion of PE (304 neurosurgical and 83 neurological patients). Analysed parameters included age, gender, disease pattern, the presence of deep vein thrombosis, resuscitation, in-hospital mortality, present anticoagulation, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, hypertension and ABO blood type. Computed tomography confirmed 165 cases of pulmonary embolism among 387 patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism (42%). Younger age (p < 0.0001), female gender (p < 0.006), neurooncological disease (p < 0.002), non-O blood type (p < 0.002) and the absence of Marcumar therapy (p < 0.003) were identified as significant risk factors for pulmonary embolism. On the basis of the identified risk factors, the AMBOS score system is introduced. Neurocritical care patients with high AMBOS score are at elevated risk for PE and should therefore be put under intensified monitoring for cardiovascular events in neurocritical care units.

中文翻译：

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神经重症监护中的肺栓塞——引入一种新的风险分层分级系统：法兰克福 AMBOS 评分。

由深静脉血栓形成引起的肺栓塞 (PE) 是一种并发症，具有严重的发病率和死亡率。神经重症监护患者构成了一个不均匀的队列，通常对常规栓塞治疗有严格的禁忌症。本研究的目的是确定肺栓塞的危险因素，以便在这个要求严格的队列中进行强化风险分层。在这项回顾性分析中，387 名神经危重症患者接受了计算机断层扫描以临床怀疑 PE（304 名神经外科患者和 83 名神经病患者）。分析的参数包括年龄、性别、疾病模式、深静脉血栓形成的存在、复苏、住院死亡率、目前的抗凝治疗、冠状动脉疾病、糖尿病、吸烟状况、高血压和 ABO 血型。387 名临床怀疑肺栓塞的患者（42%）中，计算机断层扫描证实了 165 例肺栓塞。年龄较小（p < 0.0001）、女性（p < 0.006）、神经肿瘤疾病（p < 0.002）、非 O 型血（p < 0.002）和没有 Marcumar 治疗（p < 0.003）被确定为显着风险肺栓塞的因素。在确定的风险因素的基础上，引入 AMBOS 评分系统。AMBOS 评分高的神经重症监护患者发生 PE 的风险较高，因此应在神经重症监护病房加强对心血管事件的监测。非 O 型血 (p < 0.002) 和没有 Marcumar 治疗 (p < 0.003) 被确定为肺栓塞的重要危险因素。在确定的风险因素的基础上，引入了 AMBOS 评分系统。AMBOS 评分高的神经重症监护患者发生 PE 的风险较高，因此应在神经重症监护病房加强对心血管事件的监测。非 O 型血 (p < 0.002) 和没有 Marcumar 治疗 (p < 0.003) 被确定为肺栓塞的重要危险因素。在确定的风险因素的基础上，引入了 AMBOS 评分系统。AMBOS 评分高的神经重症监护患者发生 PE 的风险较高，因此应在神经重症监护病房加强对心血管事件的监测。