The current work presents an integrated approach to maximize groundwater exploitation under Sahara conditions. The approach includes investigation of palaeohydrology, remote sensing data, field verification and geophysical datasets (gravity, aeromagnetic and geoloelectrical data). Results reveal the existence of palaeohydrologic remarks such as; palaeodriange, terraces, tufas, gorges and alluvial fans. The hydrogeological investigation reflects that the Quaternary groundwater existed under free water table conditions with water depths range between 5.06 and 50 m from the ground, while the Miocene aquifer has water depths vary between 22 m (of shallow wells) and 108 m (of deep wells). The study illustrates the presence of the tectonic fallen zones (TFZ) where the Precambrian rocks show throw down blocks associated with a set of faults and covered by thick sedimentary succession. The TFZ, with their faults (NW–SE and NE–SW), are attributed to the regional Red Sea rift, where these faults can provide groundwater recharge opportunities. The groundwater occurrences in the TFZ indicate saturation thickness ranges between 75 and 175 m for Miocene aquifer and between 50 and 180 m for Nubian sandstone aquifer. A total of 22 basins were analyzed where their morphometric parameters indicate the possibility of groundwater accumulations. The obtained stable isotopes compositions of hydrogen (δD %) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O %) reveal that aquifers were recharged throughout the previous wetter climate with reasonable contributions during intervening arid periods. Due to the continued and urgent need for water in the Sahara, the obtained results can be utilized to develop applied recommendations for future groundwater exploration.

中文翻译：

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结合遥感，地理信息系统和古水文资料促进撒哈拉沙漠水资源开发：来自埃及红海沿岸的案例

当前的工作提出了一种在撒哈拉沙漠条件下最大限度地利用地下水的综合方法。该方法包括研究古水文学，遥感数据，现场验证和地球物理数据集（重力，航空磁和地球电数据）。结果表明存在古水文学说，例如；palaeodriange，露台，凝灰岩，峡谷和冲积扇。水文地质调查表明，第四纪地下水存在于自由水位条件下，水深在距地面5.06至50 m的范围内，而中新世含水层的水深在22 m（浅井）至108 m（深井）之间变化）。这项研究说明了构造下陷带（TFZ）的存在，前寒武纪岩石显示出与一组断层有关的倾倒块，并被厚厚的沉积演替所覆盖。TFZ及其断层（NW–SE和NE–SW）归因于区域红海裂谷，这些断层可以为地下水提供补给机会。TFZ中出现的地下水表明中新世含水层的饱和厚度范围在75至175 m之间，努比亚砂岩含水层的饱和厚度范围在50至180 m之间。总共对22个盆地进行了分析，其形态参数表明了地下水蓄积的可能性。所获得的氢（δD％）和氧（δ的稳定同位素组成 这些断层可以提供地下水补给的机会。TFZ中出现的地下水表明中新世含水层的饱和厚度范围在75至175 m之间，努比亚砂岩含水层的饱和厚度范围在50至180 m之间。总共对22个盆地进行了分析，其形态参数表明了地下水蓄积的可能性。所获得的氢（δD％）和氧（δ的稳定同位素组成 这些断层可以提供地下水补给的机会。TFZ中出现的地下水表明中新世含水层的饱和厚度范围在75至175 m之间，努比亚砂岩含水层的饱和厚度范围在50至180 m之间。总共对22个盆地进行了分析，其形态参数表明了地下水蓄积的可能性。所获得的氢（δD％）和氧（δ的稳定同位素组成¹⁸ O％）表明，在之前的湿润气候中，含水层在中间干旱时期得到了合理的贡献。由于撒哈拉沙漠地区对水的持续和紧急需求，获得的结果可用于为未来的地下水勘探制定实用的建议。