BACKGROUND High mobility group A proteins are involved in chromatin remodeling, thereby influencing multiple fundamental biological processes. HMGA2 has been linked to oncogenic traits among a variety of malignancies. OBJECTIVE To determine the prognostic implications of subcellular distribution patterns of HMGA2 in breast cancer. METHODS Nuclear and cytoplasmic HMGA2 was evaluated in 342 breast cancer specimens and matched with clinico-pathological parameters. RESULTS Overall and cytoplasmic, but not nuclear, levels of HMGA2 correlated with better survival prognoses in our collective (hazard ratio (HR) 0.34, P = 0.001 and HR 0.34, P < 0.001, respectively). The protective effect of cytoplasmic HMGA2 persisted in the Luminal A and triple negative breast cancer subgroups. Evaluating Luminal A and B subgroups jointly, only cytoplasmic, but not overall or nuclear HMGA2 levels were associated with better survival (HR 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.21, 0.86, P = 0.017), irrespective of tumor size and node status. The addition of HMGA2 overall and cytoplasmic scores strengthened the prognostic selectivity in a model of conventional breast cancer risk factors. No predictive significance with regard to endocrine or chemoendocrine therapies was observed. CONCLUSION Unexpectedly, we found a favorable survival probability upon overall levels of HMGA2 in our breast cancer collective, which was predominantly determined by the presence of HMGA2 in the cytoplasm.

中文翻译：

---

高迁移率组 A2 的细胞质水平决定了乳腺癌患者的生存预后。

背景技术高迁移率A组蛋白参与染色质重塑，从而影响多个基本生物学过程。HMGA2 与多种恶性肿瘤的致癌性状有关。目的 确定 HMGA2 亚细胞分布模式在乳腺癌中的预后意义。方法 在 342 个乳腺癌标本中评估核和细胞质 HMGA2，并与临床病理参数相匹配。结果 HMGA2 的总体水平和细胞质水平（而非核水平）与我们集体中更好的生存预后相关（风险比（HR）分别为 0.34，P = 0.001 和 HR 0.34，P < 0.001）。细胞质 HMGA2 的保护作用在 Luminal A 和三阴性乳腺癌亚组中持续存在。联合评估 Luminal A 和 B 亚组，仅细胞质，但无论肿瘤大小和淋巴结状态如何，总体或核 HMGA2 水平与更好的生存率无关（HR 0.42, 95% 置信区间 0.21, 0.86, P = 0.017）。HMGA2 总体评分和细胞质评分的加入增强了传统乳腺癌危险因素模型中的预后选择性。没有观察到关于内分泌或化学内分泌治疗的预测意义。结论 出乎意料的是，我们发现我们的乳腺癌集体中 HMGA2 的总体水平具有良好的生存概率，这主要取决于细胞质中 HMGA2 的存在。HMGA2 总体评分和细胞质评分的加入增强了传统乳腺癌危险因素模型中的预后选择性。没有观察到关于内分泌或化学内分泌治疗的预测意义。结论 出乎意料的是，我们发现我们的乳腺癌集体中 HMGA2 的总体水平具有良好的生存概率，这主要取决于细胞质中 HMGA2 的存在。HMGA2 总体评分和细胞质评分的加入增强了传统乳腺癌危险因素模型中的预后选择性。没有观察到关于内分泌或化学内分泌治疗的预测意义。结论 出乎意料的是，我们发现我们的乳腺癌集体中 HMGA2 的总体水平具有良好的生存概率，这主要取决于细胞质中 HMGA2 的存在。