Purpose

A spindle feed system is continuously subjected to cutting forces, cutting heat and frictional heat during machining processes, which interact to form a complex, nonlinear and thermal-force coupling field. The coupling field causes deformations and vibrations of the mechanism that affect the machining accuracy. Therefore, determining the thermal-force coupling dynamic characteristics of the mechanism is beneficial, as it lays the theoretical foundations for accurate error compensation and the design and optimization of the spindle feed system.

Methods

The deformation of the spindle feed system in actual working processes is approached by modeling, simulation and verification. Based on the theory of mechanics and heat transfer, the models for the transient milling force and the temperature field are established to obtain the real-time, dynamic cutting force and the associated heat values. A thermo-mechanical coupling model is also deduced, and the deformations generated by the cutting force and heat are simulated using the finite element method. Moreover, the thermo-mechanical coupling deformations of the system are emulated. The above deformation results are tested and confirmed.

Conclusion

This paper establishes the deformation rules under the cutting force and cutting heat as well as their associated coupling effects. When studying thermo-mechanical coupling, the initial deformations of the ball screw are dominated by the cutting forces. The effects of heat on the X-direction deformations gradually exceed the effects of the cutting forces. The Y-direction deformations are primarily caused by the forces, with little influence from the heat. The Z-direction deformations are mainly caused by the heat, with negligible influence from the forces.

中文翻译：

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机床主轴进给系统滚珠丝杠的热力耦合变形研究

目的

主轴进给系统在加工过程中不断承受切削力，切削热和摩擦热，它们相互作用形成一个复杂的，非线性的和热力耦合场。耦合场导致机构的变形和振动，从而影响加工精度。因此，确定机构的热力耦合动力学特性是有益的，因为它为精确的误差补偿以及主轴进给系统的设计和优化奠定了理论基础。

方法

主轴进给系统在实际工作过程中的变形通过建模，仿真和验证来解决。基于力学和热传递理论，建立了瞬态铣削力和温度场的模型，以获得实时，动态切削力和相关的热值。还推导了热力耦合模型，并使用有限元方法模拟了切削力和热量产生的变形。此外，还模拟了系统的热力耦合变形。以上变形结果已测试并确认。

结论

本文建立了切削力和切削热作用下的变形规律及其相关的耦合效应。在研究热力机械耦合时，滚珠丝杠的初始变形主要受切削力的影响。热量对X方向变形的影响逐渐超过切削力的影响。Y方向的变形主要是由力引起的，受热影响很小。Z方向的变形主要是由热量引起的，受力的影响可忽略不计。