Abstract

The genetic differences between the sockeye salmon populations of the Kamchatka Peninsula were studied. The time of divergence between the resident sockeye salmon, which are reproductively isolated in Lake Kronotskoye, and the anadromous sockeye salmon is estimated using data on microsatellite markers. A weak unidirectional gene flow is observed from resident sockeye salmon into the population of anadromous sockeye salmon spawning in the Kronotskaya River, which is a channel of Lake Kronotskoye. The obtained point estimate of the time of divergence between the resident and anadromous sockeye forms (ca. 10 000 years) is consistent with the geological estimates for the time of formation of the modern Kronotsky lake–river drainage basin. The conclusion was made that the resident sockeye salmon of Lake Kronotskoye originated from the anadromous sockeye salmon of Lake Paleo-Kronotskoye and formed under the conditions of the reproductive isolation from other sockeye populations and the loss of connection with the sea. The necessity for conservation of the Kronotsky resident sockeye salmon, which implies prevention of its mixing with anadromous sockeye salmon, is discussed.

中文翻译：

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堪察加半岛红海鲑和常住红鲑种群的遗传分化：克罗诺茨科耶湖红鲑的起源进化方案

摘要

研究了堪察加半岛红鲑鲑种群之间的遗传差异。使用微卫星标记数据估算在克罗诺茨科耶湖中繁殖繁殖的常驻红大马哈鱼与无性大红马哈鱼之间的发散时间。从常驻的红鲑鲑鱼进入克罗诺茨卡亚河（Kronotskoye湖的一条河道）的产卵的红鲑鲑种群中，观察到微弱的单向基因流。所获得的常驻和反常红眼形之间的分歧时间（约一万年）的点估计与现代克罗诺茨基湖—河流域盆地形成时间的地质估计一致。结论是，克罗诺茨科耶湖的红大马哈鱼栖息于古克罗诺茨科耶湖的红尾鲑，是在与其他红斑马种群生殖隔离和与海洋失去联系的条件下形成的。讨论了保护Kronotsky居民红鲑鱼的必要性，这意味着要防止将其与过剩的红鲑鱼混合。