Abstract

Information on the pattern of oxygen diffusion in skeletal muscles of bony fish is discussed. This diffusion is determined by a number of variables. Endothelium of microcirculatory vessels should not be considered the main barrier for oxygen diffusion, as it has large pores and perforations. The main diffusion barrier is cytoplasmic and intracellular membranes of muscle fibers. A substantial contribution to the concept of “facilitated diffusion” at the cellular level is made by the myoglobin and content of lipids, primarily triacylglycerides. Data on the structure and functional features of myoglobins of skeletal muscles and heart in bony fish are summarized. Information on the pattern of organization of the polypeptide chain of this protein, key substitutions, polymorphism, and kinetic characteristics of oxygen binding is provided. A comparison between species has revealed a relationship between the density of capillary network and the myoglobin and lipid content of muscles. The myoglobin and lipid content of fish muscle tissue is quite labile and depends on the condition of both the environment and the organism. This gives reason to consider the above parameters as factors that can perform a directed correction of the oxygen regime in fish muscle tissue, increasing its resistance to oxygen deficiency.

中文翻译：

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肌红蛋白和脂质在纠正骨骼鱼骨骼肌中氧扩散中的作用（综述）

摘要

讨论了关于骨鱼骨骼肌中氧扩散模式的信息。这种扩散是由许多变量决定的。微循环血管的内皮细胞不应被视为氧气扩散的主要障碍，因为它具有较大的孔和穿孔。主要的扩散屏障是肌纤维的细胞质和细胞内膜。肌红蛋白和脂质含量（主要是三酰基甘油酯）在细胞水平上对“促进扩散”的概念做出了重大贡献。总结了骨鱼类中骨骼肌和心脏肌球蛋白的结构和功能特征的数据。提供了有关该蛋白多肽链的组织模式，关键取代，多态性和氧结合动力学特性的信息。物种之间的比较揭示了毛细血管网络的密度与肌红蛋白和肌肉脂质含量之间的关系。鱼肌肉组织的肌红蛋白和脂质含量非常不稳定，并且取决于环境和生物体的状况。这提供了将上述参数视为可以对鱼肌肉组织中的氧气状况进行定向校正，增加其对缺氧抵抗力的因素的理由。