Bread wheat spring cultivar Saratovskaya 29 (S29) is a highly drought tolerant. S29, five single chromosome substitution and two introgression lines of this cultivar for chromosomes of second homoeological group were grown in a climatic chamber under optimal and water deficit conditions of water supply. The donor of the three homologous chromosomes 2A, 2B and 2D was the German spring cultivar Yanetskis Probat; the donors of chromosome 2D were the old spring varieties of Western Siberia, Caesium 111 and Sibirka 1818. The donors of 2A chromosome were the species Triticum timopheevii and Aegilops markgrafii. Eleven physiological indexes including water use efficiency, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids contents, osmotic substances contents, antioxidant enzymes activities and lipoxygenase activity were measured in leaves of wheat at the stage of beginning of earing. To assess genotypes, we established a comprehensive evaluation value (D) based on various measured physiological parameters and shoot biomass. The D positively correlated with the tolerance of shoot biomass (r = 0.955, P < 0.001) and was reduced in four of seven lines with a modified genome. The least stable were the line with the introgression from Aegilops markgrafii in 2A chromosome and the line with the substitution of 2D chromosome of the recipient for the homoeologous chromosome from Sibirka 1818. All lines changed the adaptation strategy compared to the recipient variety. The accumulation of a large amount of soluble sugars in the leaves of lines was the largest difference between them and the recipient S29.

中文翻译：

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替代第二同源组染色体的面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）品系的耐旱性评价

面包小麦春季品种 Saratovskaya 29 (S29) 具有高度耐旱性。S29，该品种的5个单染色体置换和2个基因渗入系用于第二同源组染色体，在最佳供水和缺水条件下在气候室中生长。三个同源染色体2A、2B和2D的供体是德国春季栽培品种Yanetskis Probat；2D染色体的供体是西西伯利亚Cesium 111和Sibirka 1818的老春品种。2A染色体的供体是Triticum timopheevii和Aegilops markgrafii。水分利用效率、叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量、渗透物质含量、测定了小麦在穗开始阶段的叶片中的抗氧化酶活性和脂肪氧化酶活性。为了评估基因型，我们基于各种测量的生理参数和枝条生物量建立了综合评估值 (D)。D 与枝条生物量的耐受性呈正相关（r = 0.955，P < 0.001）并且在具有修饰基因组的七个品系中的四个品系中降低。最不稳定的是Aegilops markgrafii 2A染色体基因渗入的系和受体2D染色体替换Sibirka 1818同源染色体的系。与受体品种相比，所有系都改变了适应策略。品系叶片中大量可溶性糖的积累是它们与受体S29之间的最大差异。