ABSTRACT Discourse analysis of six actors’ political lines, their conceptions, and their uses of French secularism (laïcité) between 2013 and 2018 shows that mobilization of laïcité as a value is correlated to the construction of Islam and Muslims as objects of security in France. Perception of military and identity insecurities goes along with mobilization of laïcité as a shield-value of the French Republic that manifests into the desire to reinterpret the French 1905 law on separation of the Churches and the State, in reaction to Muslim practices or religious symbols. Since 1989, laïcité as a value has emerged both as the socially accepted representation of French secularism and the privileged discursive response to contemporary identity and security challenges posed by Islam, while laïcité as a principle has appeared as a counter-discourse defending the liberal spirit of the 1905 law.

中文翻译：

---

laïcité（法国世俗主义）在法国公共话语中的构建和使用

摘要 对 2013 年至 2018 年间六位参与者的政治路线、他们的概念以及他们对法国世俗主义 (laïcité) 的使用的话语分析表明，将 laïcité 作为一种价值观的动员与伊斯兰教和穆斯林作为法国安全对象的构建相关。对军事和身份不安全感的感知伴随着将自由派作为法兰西共和国的盾牌价值的动员，这体现为重新解释法国 1905 年关于教会与国家分离的法律的愿望，以回应穆斯林的做法或宗教象征。自 1989 年以来，laïcité 作为一种价值已经成为社会公认的法国世俗主义的代表，以及对伊斯兰教带来的当代身份和安全挑战的特权话语回应，