ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to study the influence of three organic manures, farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PLM), and pigeon manure (PGM), on soil physical and chemical properties on tuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke in a newly reclaimed saline calcareous soil. A field experiment was conducted applying the three manures, alone and/or in different combinations. Soils were investigated at surface (0–30 cm) and subsurface (30–60 cm) layers before and after planting, and analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The results indicated that the application of 31.5 kg ha−1 of PLM+10.5 kg of PGM T7 recorded highest available nitrogen, zinc, copper, and moisture content at the surface layer. The same results were obtained for iron and manganese at both layers. While, applying 21.0 kg ha−1 FYM+21.0 kg ha−1 PLM T10 recorded the best treatment for pH, phosphorus, zinc, copper, moisture content, and saturation percentage at the subsurface layer. Applying 21.0 kg ha−1 PGM + 10.5 kg ha−1 FYM+10.5 kg ha−1 PLM T15 recorded the best treatment for organic matter content and bulk density at surface layer and reduced the electrical conductivity and inulin tuber content at both layers. On the other hand, calcium carbonate and sodium adsorption ratio were reduced in both layers by applying 21.0 kg ha−1 PLM+10.5 kg ha−1 FYM+10.5 kg ha−1 PGM T14. The best treatment for tuber nitrogen content and total yield was obtained with applying 42.0 kg ha−1 PLM T2 only and 31.5 kg ha−1 FYM+10.5 kg ha−1 PLM T4, respectively.

中文翻译：

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有机肥对菊芋土壤特性及产量的影响

摘要 本研究的目的是研究三种有机肥料，农家肥 (FYM)、家禽粪 (PLM) 和鸽粪 (PGM)，对土壤理化性质对菊芋块茎产量的影响。新开垦的盐渍钙质土。单独和/或以不同组合施用三种肥料进行田间试验。在种植前后对土壤表层（0-30 厘米）和地下（30-60 厘米）层进行调查，并分析其物理和化学性质。结果表明，施用 31.5 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg PGM T7 在表层记录了最高的可用氮、锌、铜和水分含量。对于两层中的铁和锰，获得了相同的结果。同时，应用 21.0 kg ha−1 FYM+21。0 kg ha-1 PLM T10 记录了对地下层的 pH、磷、锌、铜、水分含量和饱和百分比的最佳处理。施用 21.0 kg ha-1 PGM + 10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T15 记录了表层有机物含量和堆积密度的最佳处理，并降低了两层的电导率和菊粉块茎含量。另一方面，通过应用 21.0 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PGM T14，两层中碳酸钙和钠的吸附率均降低。块茎氮含量和总产量的最佳处理是分别施用 42.0 kg ha-1 PLM T2 和 31.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T4。0 kg ha-1 PGM + 10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T15 记录了表层有机物含量和堆积密度的最佳处理，并降低了两层的电导率和菊粉块茎含量。另一方面，通过应用 21.0 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PGM T14，两层中碳酸钙和钠的吸附率均降低。块茎氮含量和总产量的最佳处理是分别施用 42.0 kg ha-1 PLM T2 和 31.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T4。0 kg ha-1 PGM + 10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T15 记录了表层有机物含量和堆积密度的最佳处理，并降低了两层的电导率和菊粉块茎含量。另一方面，通过应用 21.0 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PGM T14，两层中碳酸钙和钠的吸附率均降低。块茎氮含量和总产量的最佳处理是分别施用 42.0 kg ha-1 PLM T2 和 31.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T4。通过应用 21.0 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PGM T14，两层中碳酸钙和钠的吸附率均降低。块茎氮含量和总产量的最佳处理是分别施用 42.0 kg ha-1 PLM T2 和 31.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T4。通过应用 21.0 kg ha-1 PLM+10.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PGM T14，两层中碳酸钙和钠的吸附率均降低。块茎氮含量和总产量的最佳处理是分别施用 42.0 kg ha-1 PLM T2 和 31.5 kg ha-1 FYM+10.5 kg ha-1 PLM T4。