Although nanocellulose has the advantages of rich source and high modulus, choosing a good nanocellulose source and preparing high performance composites for industrial rubber remains a huge challenge. In this study, four different nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were successfully isolated from softwood pulp, microcrystalline cellulose, bagasse and cotton straw, respectively. Four different NCCs showed as long rods and maintained a high crystallinity, and four different composites with outstanding mechanical properties were fabricated from natural rubber (NR) and different NCCs. The effect of four different NCCs on NR composites were comparatively studied, and it was found that the addition of NCC accelerated the vulcanization and improved the mechanical properties of NR composites. When the resorcinol-hexamethylenetetramine (RH) was added, the dispersion state of NCC in NR matrix and the interfacial interaction between NR and NCC was significantly improved, resulting in an outstanding mechanical properties and rolling resistance for NR/NCC/RH. This result will play a good guide in selecting the source of NCC for reinforcing polymers, and we envision that this NCC-rubber composites with outstanding mechanical properties may have potential for the industrial rubber.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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从不同的可再生资源中分离出纳米晶纤维素，以制造具有出色机械性能的天然橡胶复合材料

尽管纳米纤维素具有丰富的来源和高模量的优点，但是选择良好的纳米纤维素来源并制备用于工业橡胶的高性能复合材料仍然是巨大的挑战。在这项研究中，分别从针叶木浆，微晶纤维素，蔗渣和棉秆中成功分离出四种不同的纳米晶纤维素（NCC）。四种不同的NCC显示为长棒并保持高结晶度，并且四种由天然橡胶（NR）和不同的NCC制成的具有优异机械性能的复合材料。比较研究了四种不同的NCC对NR复合材料的影响，发现添加NCC可以促进硫化，并改善NR复合材料的机械性能。当添加间苯二酚-六亚甲基四胺（RH）时，NCC在NR基体中的分散状态以及NR与NCC的界面相互作用得到了显着改善，从而获得了优异的NR / NCC / RH力学性能和滚动阻力。该结果将为选择用于增强聚合物的NCC来源提供良好的指导，并且我们认为具有优异机械性能的NCC橡胶复合材料可能具有工业橡胶的潜力。

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