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Discordant evolution of mitochondrial and nuclear yeast genomes at population level.
BMC Biology ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 , DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00786-4
Matteo De Chiara 1 , Anne Friedrich 2 , Benjamin Barré 1 , Michael Breitenbach 3 , Joseph Schacherer 2, 4 , Gianni Liti 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Mitochondria are essential organelles partially regulated by their own genomes. The mitochondrial genome maintenance and inheritance differ from the nuclear genome, potentially uncoupling their evolutionary trajectories. Here, we analysed mitochondrial sequences obtained from the 1011 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain collection and identified pronounced differences with their nuclear genome counterparts. RESULTS In contrast with pre-whole genome duplication fungal species, S. cerevisiae mitochondrial genomes show higher genetic diversity compared to the nuclear genomes. Strikingly, mitochondrial genomes appear to be highly admixed, resulting in a complex interconnected phylogeny with a weak grouping of isolates, whereas interspecies introgressions are very rare. Complete genome assemblies revealed that structural rearrangements are nearly absent with rare inversions detected. We tracked intron variation in COX1 and COB to infer gain and loss events throughout the species evolutionary history. Mitochondrial genome copy number is connected with the nuclear genome and linearly scale up with ploidy. We observed rare cases of naturally occurring mitochondrial DNA loss, petite, with a subset of them that do not suffer the expected growth defect in fermentable rich media. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results illustrate how differences in the biology of two genomes coexisting in the same cells can lead to discordant evolutionary histories.

中文翻译:

线粒体和核酵母基因组在种群水平上的不一致进化。

背景线粒体是必需的细胞器,其部分受其自身基因组调节。线粒体基因组的维持和遗传与核基因组不同,可能会使其进化轨迹脱节。在这里,我们分析了从1011年酿酒酵母菌株集合中获得的线粒体序列,并确定了与其核基因组对应物的明显差异。结果与全基因组复制前的真菌物种相比,酿酒酵母线粒体基因组与核基因组相比显示出更高的遗传多样性。令人惊讶的是,线粒体基因组似乎高度混合,导致复杂的系统发育系统和弱的分离群,而种间渗入非常罕见。完整的基因组组装显示几乎不存在结构重排,并且检测到罕见的倒位。我们跟踪了COX1和COB的内含子变异,以推断整个物种进化史中的增益和损失事件。线粒体基因组拷贝数与核基因组相关,并呈倍性线性增长。我们观察到了罕见的自然发生的线粒体DNA丢失(小)的案例,其中的一部分在可发酵的丰富培养基中没有遭受预期的生长缺陷。结论总体而言,我们的结果说明了在同一细胞中共存的两个基因组生物学差异如何导致不一致的进化历史。线粒体基因组拷贝数与核基因组相关,并呈倍性线性增长。我们观察到了罕见的自然发生的线粒体DNA丢失(小)的案例,其中的一部分在可发酵的丰富培养基中没有遭受预期的生长缺陷。结论总体而言,我们的结果说明了在同一细胞中共存的两个基因组生物学差异如何导致不一致的进化历史。线粒体基因组拷贝数与核基因组相关,并呈倍性线性增长。我们观察到了罕见的自然发生的线粒体DNA丢失(小)的案例,其中的一部分在可发酵的丰富培养基中没有遭受预期的生长缺陷。结论总体而言,我们的结果说明了在同一细胞中共存的两个基因组生物学差异如何导致不一致的进化历史。
更新日期:2020-05-11
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