The intensive aquaculture of salmonids is a relatively young discipline within the animal husbandry sector. It differs to terrestrial livestock farming in one obvious and fundamental aspect – the aquatic environment. Besides great advantages such as buoyancy, the fluid medium also poses specific challenges for fish and fish farmers. One issue identified as a central problem in aquaculture is the presence of undissolved particulate matter in the water column. The ideal of fish living in pure, transparent water is seldom a reality as virtually every water body is subject to multiple inputs of solid matter, for example from the ground, the air and from the organisms living in it. In aquaculture, these solids are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources, but by far the biggest input comprises excreted waste from the relatively high biomass of fish. The ratio of different inputs varies significantly between individual systems, dependent on factors such as the type of husbandry system, water exchange rate, the species being farmed, stocking density and the composition of the feed being supplied. This review aims to summarize potential sources of solid wastes in salmonid aquaculture, the properties of those solids and their implications for system stability, the quality of connected environments and the welfare of fish being reared. We will also review the expanding opportunities for solid management.

中文翻译：

---

深入了解和管理鲑鱼密集型水产养殖中的悬浮固体：综述

鲑鱼集约化养殖是畜牧业中一个相对较年轻的学科。它在一个明显的基本方面（水生环境）不同于陆上畜牧业。除了具有诸如浮力之类的巨大优势外，流体介质还对鱼类和养鱼者构成了特殊的挑战。在水产养殖中被确定为中心问题的一个问题是水柱中存在未溶解的颗粒物。生活在纯净，透明水中的鱼的理想几乎是不现实的，因为几乎每个水体都会受到多种固体物质的输入，例如来自地面，空气和生活在其中的生物。在水产养殖中，这些固体来自自然和人为来源，但到目前为止，最大的投入是来自相对较高的鱼类生物量的排泄废物。不同投入物的比例在各个系统之间有很大差异，具体取决于各种因素，例如饲养系统的类型，水交换率，养殖种类，种群密度和所供应饲料的组成。这篇综述旨在总结鲑鱼养殖中固体废物的潜在来源，这些固体的性质及其对系统稳定性，相连环境的质量和养殖鱼类福利的影响。我们还将审查稳固管理不断扩展的机会。饲养密度和所供应饲料的组成。这篇综述旨在总结鲑鱼养殖中固体废物的潜在来源，这些固体的性质及其对系统稳定性，相连环境的质量和养殖鱼类福利的影响。我们还将审查稳固管理不断扩展的机会。饲养密度和所供应饲料的组成。这篇综述旨在总结鲑鱼养殖中固体废物的潜在来源，这些固体的性质及其对系统稳定性，相连环境的质量和养殖鱼类福利的影响。我们还将审查稳固管理不断扩展的机会。