Summertime western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is closely related to remote sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the tropical oceans (TO) and local SSTA in the western North Pacific (WNP). Based on atmospheric reanalysis and multimodel ensemble products, the warming (cooling) of the tropical Indian, tropical central‐eastern Pacific, and tropical Atlantic (tropical western Pacific and WNP) can lead to westward extension of the WPSH, and vice versa. A series of numerical experiments are conducted to quantify the relative importance of remote and local SSTA, including the separate impact of different TO basins. In response to warming (cooling) of the tropical Indian, tropical central‐eastern (western) Pacific, and tropical Atlantic, ascending (descending) motions develop locally and subsequently excite remote baroclinic and barotropic responses. The baroclinic anticyclone west of 140°E contributes to the westward extension of the WPSH. The barotropic anticyclone and descending motion over the WNP can further increase the sea level pressure and strengthen the WPSH. Based on the quasi‐geostrophic omega equation, we find that the anomalous vorticity advection (thermal advection) primarily accounts for the anomalous descending motion in response to remote (local) SSTA. Compared to local SSTA, the remote SSTA can induce larger perturbations, subsequently making the zonal variability of the WPSH more significant. Furthermore, it is found that the westward extension of the WPSH is primarily induced by atmospheric baroclinic (barotropic) response to the SSTA in tropical Indian and tropical Atlantic (tropical Pacific). Overall, the tropical Indian plays the most important role on the zonal movement of the WPSH.

中文翻译：

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SST对北方夏季西太平洋副热带高压带状区带变化的影响

夏季西太平洋副热带高压（WPSH）与热带海洋（TO）中的偏远海面温度异常（SSTA）和北太平洋西部（WNP）中的局部SSTA密切相关。基于大气再分析和多模式合奏产物，热带印度洋，热带中东部太平洋和热带大西洋（热带西太平洋和WNP）的变暖（降温）可导致WPSH向西延伸，反之亦然。进行了一系列数值实验以量化偏远和本地SSTA的相对重要性，包括不同TO盆地的单独影响。为了响应热带印度，热带中东部（西部）太平洋和热带大西洋的变暖（降温），上升（下降）运动在局部发展，随后激发远程斜压和正压响应。140°E以西的斜压反气旋有助于WPSH向西延伸。WNP上的正压反气旋和下降运动会进一步增加海平面压力并加强WPSH。基于拟地转欧米伽方程，我们发现异常涡旋平流（热平流）主要是对远程（局部）SSTA响应的异常下降运动。与本地SSTA相比，远程SSTA可以引起更大的扰动，从而使WPSH的区域变化更加明显。此外，发现在热带印度洋和热带大西洋（热带太平洋），大气中的斜压（正压）对ＳＳＳＴ的响应主要是引起ＰＰＳＨ向西延伸。总体而言，热带印度人在WPSH的地带运动中起着最重要的作用。