Postural instability is a strong risk factor for falls that becomes more prominent with aging. To facilitate treatment and prevention of falls in an aging society, a thorough understanding of the neural networks underlying postural control is warranted. Here, we present a systematic review of the functional neuroimaging literature of studies measuring posture-related neural activity in healthy subjects. Study methods were overall heterogeneous. Eleven out of the 14 studies relied on postural simulation in a supine position (e.g. motor imagery). The key nodes of human postural control involved the brainstem, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus and several cortical regions. An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis revealed that the anterior cerebellum was consistently activated across the wide range of postural tasks. Thecerebellum is known to modulate the brainstem nuclei involved in the control of posture. Hence, this systematic review with meta-analysis provides insight into the neural correlates which underpin human postural control and which may serve as a reference for future neural network and region of interest analyses.

中文翻译：

---

人类姿势控制的功能性神经影像学：荟萃分析的系统综述。

姿势不稳是跌倒的重要危险因素，随着年龄的增长，跌倒会变得更加突出。为了在衰老的社会中促进跌倒的治疗和预防，必须对姿势控制下的神经网络有透彻的了解。在这里，我们提出了功能神经影像学文献的系统综述，该文献涉及在健康受试者中测量与姿势相关的神经活动的研究。研究方法总体上是异类的。在14项研究中，有11项仰卧姿势（例如运动影像）依赖姿势模拟。人体姿势控制的关键节点涉及脑干，小脑，基底神经节，丘脑和几个皮质区域。激活可能性估计的荟萃分析显示，前小脑在各种姿势任务中均被一致激活。已知小脑可调节与姿势控制有关的脑干核。因此，这种带有荟萃分析的系统综述提供了对神经相关性的洞察力，这些神经相关性是人类姿势控制的基础，并且可以为将来的神经网络和感兴趣区域分析提供参考。