Invadosomes are specialised actin-based dynamic microdomains of the plasma membrane. Their occurrence has been associated with cell adhesion, matrix degrading and mechanosensory functions that make them crucial regulators of cell migration and invasion. Monocytic, cancer cell and Src-transformed cell invadosomes have been extensively described. Less well defined are the structures which form in other cell types, i.e., non-haematopoietic and non-transformed cells, exposed to specific stimuli. We herein describe the specificities of podosomes induced in aortic endothelial cells stimulated with TGFβ in vitro and in conditions that more closely resemble the in vivo situation. These podosomes display the typical architecture of monocytic podosomes. They organise into large rosette-shape superstructures where they exhibit collective dynamic behavior consisting in cycles of formation and regression. At the ultrastructural level, microfilament arrangements in individual podosomes were revealed. Oxygen levels and hemodynamic forces, which are key players in endothelial cell biology, both influence the process. In 3D environment, podosomes appear as globular structures along cellular extensions. A better characterization of endothelial podosomes has far-reaching implications in the understanding and, possibly, in the treatment of some vascular diseases.

中文翻译：

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生理细胞外信号调节主动脉内皮细胞血管中足体的形成。

囊泡是质膜的基于肌动蛋白的动态微区。它们的出现与细胞粘附，基质降解和机械感觉功能有关，这些使其成为细胞迁移和侵袭的关键调节剂。已经广泛地描述了单核细胞，癌细胞和Src转化的细胞侵染体。在其他类型的细胞（即非造血和未转化的细胞）中暴露于特定刺激下形成的结构的定义不太明确。我们在本文中描述了在体外和更类似于体内情况的条件下，在用TGFβ刺激的主动脉内皮细胞中诱导的足小体的特异性。这些足小体展示了单核足小体的典型结构。它们组织成大的玫瑰花形上层建筑，在这些上层建筑中表现出集体的动态行为，包括形成和回归的循环。在超微结构水平上，揭示了单个足泡中的微丝排列。氧气水平和血液动力是内皮细胞生物学的关键因素，两者都会影响这一过程。在3D环境中，足小体表现为沿细胞延伸的球形结构。内皮足小体的更好表征对于理解以及可能在某些血管疾病的治疗中具有深远的意义。两者都会影响过程。在3D环境中，足小体表现为沿细胞延伸的球形结构。内皮足小体的更好表征对于理解以及可能在某些血管疾病的治疗中具有深远的意义。两者都会影响过程。在3D环境中，足小体表现为沿细胞延伸的球形结构。内皮足小体的更好表征对于理解以及可能在某些血管疾病的治疗中具有深远的意义。