Abstract Maritime transportation poses various risks that may lead to the loss of life and property damage. This paper presents a spatial fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation approach for assessing and mapping maritime transportation risk by combining geospatial techniques and multi-criteria decision making. Fourteen criteria in three risk component categories (hazard, vulnerability and exposure, and mitigation capacity) were selected for use and converted into spatial layers using geospatial techniques. Risk component maps were created by weighting the indices according to a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process. A risk map was then produced by integrating the hazard, vulnerability and exposure, and mitigation capacity risk component maps. The South China Sea was used to illustrate the proposed methodology. The spatial variation of risk was characterized by identifying zones of risk (i.e., very high, high, medium, low, and very low), and the results were confirmed by historical accident data. A sensitivity analysis was further conducted to examine the robustness of the results. These findings may help related authorities to develop effective mitigation plans and strategies to improve navigation safety.

中文翻译：

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基于空间模糊多准则决策的海上运输风险评估与制图：以南海为例

摘要 海上运输存在各种风险，可能导致人员伤亡和财产损失。本文提出了一种空间模糊多标准评估方法，通过结合地理空间技术和多标准决策来评估和绘制海上运输风险。选择使用三个风险组成类别（灾害、脆弱性和暴露以及缓解能力）中的 14 条标准，并使用地理空间技术将其转换为空间层。风险成分图是通过根据模糊层次分析过程对指数加权来创建的。然后通过整合危害、脆弱性和暴露以及缓解能力风险组件图来制作风险图。南海被用来说明所提议的方法。风险的空间变化通过识别风险区域（即极高、高、中、低和极低）来表征，结果由历史事故数据证实。进一步进行了敏感性分析以检查结果的稳健性。这些发现可能有助于相关当局制定有效的缓解计划和策略，以提高航行安全。