Brachidontes pharaonis (Bivalvia:Mytilidae) is one of the most successful Lessepsian migrants. Its extensive populations' expansion and phenotypic plasticity might reshape the Mediterranean biodiversity. Individuals of B. pharaonis were collected from various sites in the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea in Egypt. Species-specific primers for Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 gene were designed. They were applied for analysis of mussel's population genetics and assessment of its aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) abundance. Morphological, allometric and morphometric characteristics were also described. The newly designed primers could efficiently detect the species presence, abundance, and genetic diversity. The Northern Red Sea and north-westward populations exhibited higher nucleotide diversities than southwards. Phylogeny and principal coordinates' analysis (PCoA) detected three geographical categories for B. pharaonis: one of the Indian Ocean, other of the Middle Red Sea and southwards, and the other extends from the Northern Red Sea to the westernmost part of the Mediterranean. Intraspecific differences in the shell shape, colour, and biometrics were noted. The shells were significantly smaller and lighter in rocky habitats than in sandy ones. The morphometric indices and allometry were significantly different between rocky and sandy environments. In general, B. pharaonis genetic and morphological features appeared to contribute much to the species success in versatile habitats.

中文翻译：

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入侵贻贝腕兰的极端环境适应性的分子和形态特征（Fischer，1870）。

Brachidontes pharaonis（Bivalvia：Mytilidae）是最成功的Lessepsian移民之一。其广泛的人口扩张和表型可塑性可能会改变地中海的生物多样性。法老芽孢杆菌的个体是从地中海和埃及红海的各个地点收集的。设计了细胞色素氧化酶亚基1基因的物种特异性引物。它们被用于分析贻贝的种群遗传学和评估其水生环境DNA（eDNA）的丰度。还描述了形态，异形和形态特征。新设计的引物可以有效检测物种的存在，丰度和遗传多样性。北部红海和西北种群比南部种群表现出更高的核苷酸多样性。系统发育和主坐标分析（PCoA）发现了法老芽孢杆菌的三个地理类别：一个是印度洋，另一个是中红海和南部，另一个是从北红海延伸到地中海的最西端。注意到壳的形状，颜色和生物特征识别的种内差异。与沙质生境相比，岩石生境中的壳明显更小，更轻。岩石和沙质环境之间的形态指数和异速异度显着不同。总的来说，法老芽孢杆菌的遗传和形态特征似乎在多种生境中为该物种的成功做出了很大贡献。另一个从北部红海延伸到地中海的最西端。注意到壳的形状，颜色和生物特征识别的种内差异。与沙质生境相比，岩石生境中的壳明显更小，更轻。岩石和沙质环境之间的形态指数和异速异度显着不同。总的来说，法老芽孢杆菌的遗传和形态特征似乎在多种生境中为该物种的成功做出了很大贡献。另一个从北部红海延伸到地中海的最西端。注意到壳的形状，颜色和生物特征识别的种内差异。与沙质生境相比，岩石生境中的壳明显更小，更轻。岩石和沙质环境之间的形态指数和异速异度显着不同。总的来说，法老芽孢杆菌的遗传和形态特征似乎在多种生境中为该物种的成功做出了很大贡献。