Abstract Diatom and pollen analyses of paleolake sediments allowed assessment of the natural and anthropogenic factors that affected the local landscape evolution over the last 7500 cal yr on Russky Island in South Far East of Russia. Eight stages in lagoon development mainly controlled by sea level fluctuations were inferred. Lagoon salinity was highest during the maximum of the Holocene transgression. The lagoon developed into a brackish lake at ~5090 cal yr BP and became completely fresh at ~4090 cal yr BP. The sedimentation rate decreased around 3510 cal yr BP, which coincided with a weakening of the summer monsoon. A swamp formed during the last 700 years. The data suggest that natural factors were the main controls on the observed changes in the landscape. Pollen analysis indicates periods of increased proportions of thermophilic species in the broadleaf forests. Pollen data indicate appearance of Korean pine and fir, role oak and birches, and changes of the plant community on the coast. First notable human impact on the vegetation coincided with the Neolithic colonization of the coastal area. Evidence of fires between ~5500 and 4920 cal yr BP was possibly associated with human activities. Human impact on the vegetation increased markedly in the late 19th century.

中文翻译：

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远东南部俄罗斯岛泻湖-湖泊序列中记录的环境变化和人类对景观的影响

摘要 对古湖泊沉积物的硅藻和花粉分析可以评估影响俄罗斯远东南部俄罗斯岛过去 7500 cal 年当地景观演变的自然和人为因素。推断主要受海平面波动控制的泻湖发展的八个阶段。在全新世海侵的最大值期间，泻湖盐度最高。泻湖在~5090 cal yr BP 时发展成一个咸水湖，并在~4090 cal yr BP 时变得完全新鲜。沉积速率在 3510 cal yr BP 左右下降，这与夏季风减弱相吻合。过去 700 年形成的沼泽。数据表明，自然因素是观察到的景观变化的主要控制因素。花粉分析表明阔叶林中嗜热物种比例增加的时期。花粉数据表明红松和冷杉的出现，橡树和桦树的作用，以及沿海植物群落的变化。人类对植被的第一个显着影响恰逢新石器时代对沿海地区的殖民。大约 5500 到 4920 cal yr BP 之间的火灾证据可能与人类活动有关。人类对植被的影响在 19 世纪后期显着增加。大约 5500 到 4920 cal yr BP 之间的火灾证据可能与人类活动有关。人类对植被的影响在 19 世纪后期显着增加。大约 5500 到 4920 cal yr BP 之间的火灾证据可能与人类活动有关。人类对植被的影响在 19 世纪后期显着增加。