Microalgae-based bioproducts are in limelight because of their promising future, novel characteristics, the current situation of population needs, and rising prices of rapidly depleting energy resources. Algae-based products are considered as clean sustainable energy and food resources. At present, they are not commercialized due to their high production cost and low yield. In recent years, novel genome editing tools like RNAi, ZNFs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 are used to enhance the quality and quantity of the desired products. Genetic and metabolic engineering are frequently applied because of their rapid and precise results than random mutagenesis. Omic approaches help enhance biorefinery capabilities and are now in the developing stage for algae. The future is very bright for transgenic algae with increased biomass yield, carbon dioxide uptake rate, accumulating high-value compounds, reduction in cultivation, and production costs, thus reaching the goal in the global algal market and capital flow. However, microalgae are primary producers and any harmful exposure to the wild strains can affect the entire ecosystem. Therefore, strict regulation and monitoring are required to assess the potential risks before introducing genetically modified microalgae into the natural ecosystem.

基于微藻的生物产品因其前景广阔，新颖的特征，人口需求的现状以及迅速消耗能源的价格上涨而备受关注。基于藻类的产品被视为清洁的可持续能源和粮食资源。目前，由于它们的高生产成本和低产量，它们还没有商业化。近年来，新颖的基因组编辑工具（如RNAi，ZNF，TALEN和CRISPR / Cas9）用于提高所需产品的质量和数量。基因和代谢工程比随机诱变具有更快，更精确的结果，因此经常被应用。Omic方法有助于增强生物精炼能力，目前正处于藻类的开发阶段。生物量产量提高的转基因藻类的未来非常光明，二氧化碳的吸收率，高价值化合物的积累，种植的减少和生产成本的降低，从而达到了全球藻类市场和资本流动的目标。但是，微藻类是主要生产者，对野生株的任何有害暴露都可能影响整个生态系统。因此，在将转基因微藻引入自然生态系统之前，需要严格的监管和监测以评估潜在风险。