OBJECTIVES Study the effect of anodal transcranial direct stimulation (atDCS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cognitive function and side effects in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). STUDY DESIGN Experimental double-blind randomized, sham-controlled trial SETTING: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tertiary Hospital SUBJECTS: Volunteers with MCI METHODS: Participants (45) who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated by block randomization into two groups. The atDCS group (23 participants) were stimulated at 2 mA for 20 min with the anode on the right DLPFC and cathode on the left supraorbital area. The control group (22 participants) received placebo stimulation. Baseline cognitive function was assessed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) test. Participants were treated three times per week for four weeks (12 sessions). Cognitive function and side effects were assessed immediately after the first stimulation, the last session and 4 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS CANTAB results revealed a significant improvement in the accuracy of the visual sustained attention (VSA) in the atDCS group at all three time points, the spatial working memory (SWM) and visual memory (VM) immediately after the first stimulation and a decreased VM reaction time after 12 sessions. Long lasting effect on VSA and VM were found 4 weeks post-treatment. CONCLUSION Anodal tDCS over the right DLPFC enhanced the VSA, SWM and VM accuracy after the first stimulation and reduced the reaction time of VM after 12 sessions. Long lasting effect on VSA and VM were found 4 weeks post-treatment. This study corroborated atDCS as a safe technique to improve cognitive function.

中文翻译：

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右背外侧前额叶皮层阳极经颅直流电刺激对轻度认知障碍患者认知功能的影响：一项随机双盲对照试验

目的 研究右背外侧前额叶皮层 (DLPFC) 阳极经颅直接刺激 (atDCS) 对轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 患者认知功能和副作用的影响。研究设计 实验性双盲随机、假对照试验 设置：三级医院康复医学科 受试者：具有 MCI 的志愿者 方法：符合纳入标准的参与者 (45) 通过区组随机化随机分为两组。atDCS 组（23 名参与者）在 2 mA 下刺激 20 分钟，阳极位于右侧 DLPFC，阴极位于左侧眶上区。对照组（22 名参与者）接受安慰剂刺激。通过剑桥神经心理学测试自动电池 (CANTAB) 测试评估基线认知功能。参与者每周接受 3 次治疗，持续 4 周（12 个疗程）。在第一次刺激、最后一次和治疗后 4 周后立即评估认知功能和副作用。结果 CANTAB 结果显示，atDCS 组在所有三个时间点的视觉持续注意力 (VSA) 的准确性、第一次刺激后立即的空间工作记忆 (SWM) 和视觉记忆 (VM) 的准确性都有显着提高，并且 VM 下降12 节课后的反应时间。在治疗后 4 周发现对 VSA 和 VM 的持久影响。结论 右侧 DLPFC 上的阳极 tDCS 在第一次刺激后提高了 VSA、SWM 和 VM 的准确性，并在 12 个会话后减少了 VM 的反应时间。在治疗后 4 周发现对 VSA 和 VM 的持久影响。