Background The number of studies describing the use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for screening of malignant tumours in asymptomatic subjects is increasing. Our aim is to review the methodologies used and the results of the published studies on per patient and per lesion analysis, and to provide recommendations on the use of WB-MRI for cancer screening. Main body We identified 12 studies, encompassing 6214 WB-MRI examinations, which provided the rates of abnormal findings and findings suspicious for cancer in asymptomatic subjects, from the general population. Eleven of 12 studies provided imaging protocols that included T1- and T2-weighted sequences, while only five included diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of the whole body. Different categorical systems were used for the classification and the management of abnormal findings. Of 17,961 abnormal findings reported, 91% were benign, while 9% were oncologically relevant, requiring further investigations, and 0.5% of lesions were suspicious for cancer. A per-subject analysis showed that just 5% of subjects had no abnormal findings, while 95% had abnormal findings. Findings requiring further investigation were reported in 30% of all subjects, though in only 1.8% cancer was suspected. The overall rate of histologically confirmed cancer was 1.1%. Conclusion WB-MRI studies of cancer screening in the asymptomatic general population are too heterogeneous to draw impactful conclusions regarding efficacy. A 5-point lesion scale based on the oncological relevance of findings appears the most appropriate for risk-based management stratification. WB-MRI examinations should be reported by experienced oncological radiologists versed on WB-MRI reading abnormalities and on onward referral pathways.

中文翻译：

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全身磁共振成像 (WB-MRI) 用于普通人群无症状受试者的癌症筛查：回顾和建议

背景描述使用全身磁共振成像（WB-MRI）筛查无症状受试者的恶性肿瘤的研究数量正在增加。我们的目的是回顾所使用的方法和已发表的关于每位患者和每个病变分析的研究结果，并就使用 WB-MRI 进行癌症筛查提供建议。主体 我们确定了 12 项研究，包括 6214 次 WB-MRI 检查，提供了来自普通人群的无症状受试者的异常发现和可疑癌症发现的比率。12 项研究中有 11 项提供了包括 T1 和 T2 加权序列的成像方案，而只有 5 项包括全身弥散加权成像 (DWI)。不同的分类系统用于异常发现的分类和管理。在报告的 17,961 个异常发现中，91% 是良性的，而 9% 与肿瘤学相关，需要进一步调查，0.5% 的病变疑似癌症。每个受试者的分析表明，只有 5% 的受试者没有异常发现，而 95% 的受试者有异常发现。30% 的受试者报告了需要进一步调查的结果，但只有 1.8% 的受试者怀疑患有癌症。经组织学证实的癌症总发病率为 1.1%。结论 无症状一般人群中癌症筛查的 WB-MRI 研究过于异质，无法得出有关疗效的有影响力的结论。基于发现的肿瘤学相关性的 5 分病变量表似乎最适合基于风险的管理分层。