Abstract Cotesia chilonis (Munakata) is an endoparasitoid wasp of Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidea) larvae. Little is known regarding the tolerance of C. chilonis after cold acclimation at different temperatures. In this study, we investigated mortality and the molecular basis of temperature tolerance in C. chilonis reared under normal conditions (27°C) and after cold acclimation at 4°C for 5 d. We evaluated the relative expression of five genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs) in C. chilonis by RT-qPCR after cold acclimation and exposure to temperature stress.The results demonstrated that cold acclimation could significantly enhance the survival of C. chilonis adults under high temperatures, and expression of the five C. chilonis HSP genes had distinctly different expression patterns in response to temperatures. Cchsp40 and Cchsp90 had similar expression pattern that upregulated significantly at –12 and 39°C. Cchsp70 could be induced by high and low temperatures, whereas Cchsp60 and Cchsc70 showed no significant difference in expression when exposed to thermal stress. This study provides important biological information that may help extend the shelf life of C. chilonis, which is an important consideration in the use of this wasp as a biological control agent.

中文翻译：

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不同温度冷驯化后内寄生物Cotesia chilonis（膜翅目：茧蜂科）的死亡率和HSP基因表达

摘要 Cotesia chilonis (Munakata) 是一种内寄生蜂，是Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidea) 的幼虫。在不同温度下冷驯化后，C. chilonis 的耐受性知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们调查了在正常条件 (27°C) 和 4°C 冷驯化 5 天后饲养的 C. chilonis 的死亡率和温度耐受性的分子基础。我们通过 RT-qPCR 评估了冷驯化和暴露于温度胁迫后 C. chilonis 中编码热休克蛋白 (HSPs) 的 5 个基因的相对表达。结果表明冷驯化可以显着提高 C. chilonis 成虫在高温下的存活率温度和五个 C. chilonis HSP 基因的表达响应温度具有明显不同的表达模式。Cchsp40 和 Cchsp90 具有相似的表达模式，它们在 –12 和 39°C 时显着上调。Cchsp70 可以由高温和低温诱导，而 Cchsp60 和 Cchsc70 在暴露于热应激时表达没有显着差异。这项研究提供了重要的生物学信息，可能有助于延长 C. chilonis 的保质期，这是使用这种黄蜂作为生物控制剂的一个重要考虑因素。