The helium sorption cooler plays an important role in both ground and space application because it does not require a magnetic field and is not dependent on gravity. At present, one research focus of sorption cooler is the development of multistage to overcome the disadvantages of the originally developed single-stage structure. The other focus is the development of continuous sorption cooler. Although the sorption cooler has been widely employed in astronomy and Earth atmospherics sciences, space mission and other fields, there are still lots of technologies that can be further improved, such as superfluid film suppression, the development of high on–off ratio gas-gap heat switch and rapidly responsive sorption pump. This paper reviews the principle, structure and performance parameters of the sorption cooler and its suitability to the space application. In addition, the technical challenges and the efforts that scholars are trying will also be introduced.

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亚开尔文吸附冷却器的进展与挑战及其空间应用前景

氦吸附冷却器在地面和空间应用中都发挥着重要作用，因为它不需要磁场并且不依赖于重力。目前吸附式冷却器的研究重点之一是开发多级，以克服原先开发的单级结构的缺点。另一个重点是开发连续吸附冷却器。虽然吸附冷却器在天文学和地球大气科学、空间任务等领域得到了广泛的应用，但仍有许多技术有待进一步改进，如超流膜抑制、高开关比气隙的开发等。热开关和快速响应的吸附泵。本文回顾了原理，吸附式冷却器的结构和性能参数及其在空间应用中的适用性。此外，还将介绍学者们正在尝试的技术挑战和努力。