In the 21st century, there has been tremendous international interest in improving our ability to identify sport-related concussion and to medically manage the injury more effectively.^1-7 Some signs of concussion can be obvious and dramatic, such as traumatic loss of consciousness (LOC) while in an upright position with a free-fall to the field or ice. Enormous collisions on the field of play occur in many sports, typically without injury—and sometimes lesser collisions result in a concussion. Over decades, the medical and scientific community has codified a number of visible signs of concussion such as (i) LOC; (ii) post-traumatic seizure; (iii) disturbed balance upon standing, gait instability when leaving the field or ice, or perturbations in postural stability on medical...

中文翻译：

---

评论：国家足球联赛中脑震荡的现场可见信号的敏感性和特殊性。

在21世纪，国际上对提高我们识别与运动有关的脑震荡以及更有效地对伤害进行医疗管理的能力引起了国际关注。^1-7脑震荡的某些迹象可能是明显而剧烈的，例如在直立姿势下跌落到田野或冰上时的意识丧失（LOC）。在许多运动中，通常在没有伤害的情况下，在运动场上会发生巨大的碰撞，有时较小的碰撞会导致脑震荡。几十年来，医学和科学界已经编纂了许多可见的脑震荡迹象，例如（i）LOC；（ii）创伤后癫痫发作；（iii）站立时的平衡受到干扰，离开田野或结冰时的步态不稳或医疗上姿势稳定性的扰动...