BACKGROUND This study aims to uncover strategies executed by the tobacco industry against tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) bans at points of sale (PoS) in Turkey. METHODS The data are based on a field study conducted in the city of Izmir. There are 10 750 PoS in all of Izmir; the 6200 PoS in the 11 central districts were considered as potential subjects. Using a proportional sampling method (95% confidence interval, 5% margin of error), it was calculated that 384 PoS could adequately represent the whole. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with PoS administrators, using survey form consisting of 53 questions. Descriptive statistics methods have been used to analyze the data. RESULTS Of a total of 384 PoS visited; 96.4% featured at least one type of display/TAPS ban violation, 94.5% featured display settings creating brand dominance on display units, 76.7% received promotional payments and 14.8% received free tobacco products for featured display settings. Additionally, 29.2% of PoS had tobacco product displays visible from outside, 26.8% sold tobacco products on the counter, 24.7% featured advertising items on display units, 19.3% sold tobacco products as single stick and 11.7% had price tags with fonts larger than the legally fixed 20 pt. CONCLUSIONS An official institution specializing in tobacco control must be established to continually inspect the tobacco market. Tobacco products must stay hidden, in closed cupboards or under the counter, and communication between PoS and tobacco industry must be limited. In addition, tobacco products must be distributed by government institutions rather than the industry.

中文翻译：

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揭示中低收入国家烟草业在 PoS 上的 TAPS 策略：土耳其案例


背景 本研究旨在揭示烟草业针对土耳其销售点 (PoS) 的烟草广告、促销和赞助 (TAPS) 禁令所执行的策略。方法 这些数据基于在伊兹密尔市进行的实地研究。伊兹密尔全境有 10 750 个 PoS； 11个中心区的6200个PoS被认为是潜在的对象。使用比例抽样方法（95%置信区间，5%误差幅度），计算出384个PoS足以代表整体。使用包含 53 个问题的调查表与 PoS 管理员进行面对面访谈。描述性统计方法已用于分析数据。结果 总共访问了 384 个 PoS； 96.4% 的受访者至少违反了一种展示/TAPS 禁令，94.5% 的受访者以特色展示设置在展示单元上创造了品牌主导地位，76.7% 的受访者收到了促销付款，14.8% 的受访者因特色展示设置获得了免费烟草产品。此外，29.2% 的 PoS 拥有从外部可见的烟草产品展示，26.8% 在柜台上销售烟草产品，24.7% 在展示单元上展示广告项目，19.3% 以单支形式出售烟草产品，11.7% 的价格标签字体大于法定固定的 20 点。结论 必须建立专门负责烟草控制的官方机构，对烟草市场进行持续检查。烟草产品必须隐藏在封闭的橱柜中或柜台下，并且 PoS 和烟草行业之间的通信必须受到限制。此外，烟草产品必须由政府机构而非行业分销。