Novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the pathogenic agent responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a globally pandemic infectious disease. Due to its high virulence and the absence of immunity among the general population, SARS-CoV-2 has quickly spread to all countries. This pandemic highlights the urgent unmet need to expand and focus our research tools on what are considered “neglected infectious diseases” and to prepare for future inevitable pandemics. This global emergency has generated unprecedented momentum and scientific efforts around the globe unifying scientists from academia, government and the pharmaceutical industry to accelerate the discovery of vaccines and treatments. Herein, we shed light on the virus structure and life cycle and the potential therapeutic targets in SARS-CoV-2 and briefly refer to both active and passive immunization modalities, drug repurposing focused on speed to market, and novel agents against specific viral targets as therapeutic interventions for COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19：经历另一场流行病。

新型 β 冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 是导致全球大流行传染病 2019 冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的病原体。由于毒力高且普通人群缺乏免疫力，SARS-CoV-2 已迅速传播到所有国家。这次大流行凸显了我们迫切需要扩大研究工具并将其重点放在“被忽视的传染病”上，并为未来不可避免的大流行做好准备，这一需求尚未得到满足。这一全球紧急情况在全球范围内产生了前所未有的势头和科学努力，将学术界、政府和制药行业的科学家团结起来，加速疫苗和治疗方法的发现。在此，我们阐明了 SARS-CoV-2 的病毒结构和生命周期以及潜在的治疗靶点，并简要提到了主动和被动免疫方式、注重上市速度的药物重新利用以及针对特定病毒靶点的新药物： COVID-19 的治疗干预措施。