Durum wheat is mainly used in pasta production, but may also be used as animal feed, for example as concentrate for dairy cows. Data on the ruminal degradation of Durum grains are scarce. Hence, the objective of the present study was to describe ruminal in situ crude protein (CP) and starch (ST) degradation, to investigate in vitro gas production kinetics, and to estimate utilisable CP at the duodenum (uCP) in vitro of five Durum varieties from three growing locations. Metabolisable energy (ME) and digestibility of organic matter (dOM) were also estimated using in vitro data. In situ incubations were conducted in three lactating jersey cows over defined timespans from 1 to 72 hr. Ruminal degradation parameters were estimated using exponential regression, and effective ruminal degradation was predicted for a ruminal passage rate of 8%/hr (ED₈). In situ CP (a = 11%–19%; b = 80%–88%; c = 23%–33%/hr) and ST (a = 22%–39%; b = 60%–78%; c = 61%–123%/hr) degradation kinetics varied among samples and were influenced by location. Some samples showed a remarkably high ST degradation rate of up to 123%/h, which can significantly influence rumen pH and health when high amounts are incorporated into dairy rations. However, the ED of CP (77%–82%) and ST (91%–95%), and the in vitro estimates of ME (13.6–14.1 MJ/kg DM), dOM (92%–96%), and uCP (183–195 k/g DM) varied within a relatively small range. Hence, it may be adequate to use the mean values of these Durum grain characteristics when rations for ruminants are calculated and a differentiation depending on variety and location may not be necessary.

中文翻译：

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在三个地方种植的硬粒小麦品种的反刍动物的瘤胃降解以及估计的能量和蛋白质值。

硬质小麦主要用于面食生产，但也可以用作动物饲料，例如用作奶牛浓缩物。关于硬粒小麦瘤胃降解的数据很少。因此，本研究的目的是描述瘤胃原位粗蛋白（CP）和淀粉（ST）的降解，研究体外产气动力学，并评估五个杜伦的十二指肠（uCP）在体外的可利用CP。来自三个生长地区的品种。还使用体外数据估算了可代谢能量（ME）和有机物的消化率（dOM）。在原位孵育在三个哺乳期进行Ĵ在规定的时间范围内（从1到72小时）使爱西奶牛 使用指数回归估计瘤胃降解参数，并预测瘤胃通过率为8％/ hr（ED ₈）的有效瘤胃降解。原位CP（a  = 11％–19％; b  = 80％–88％; c  = 23％–33％/ hr）和ST（a  = 22％–39％; b  = 60％–78％; c = 61％–123％/ hr）的降解动力学因样品而异，并受位置的影响。一些样品显示出高达123％/ h的极高的ST降解速率，当将大量的乳制品配给日粮时，可显着影响瘤胃的pH值和健康。然而，CP的ED（77％–82％）和ST的ED（91％–95％），以及ME的体外估计值（13.6–14.1 MJ / kg DM），dOM（92％–96％）和uCP（183–195 k / g DM）在相对较小的范围内变化。因此，在计算反刍动物的日粮时，使用这些杜伦麦粒特性的平均值可能就足够了，而不必根据品种和位置进行区分。