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Light-dependent development of the tectorotundal projection in pigeons.
European Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-09 , DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14775
Sara Letzner 1 , Martina Manns 2 , Onur Güntürkün 1
Affiliation  

Left–right differences in the structural and functional organization of the brain are widespread in the animal kingdom and develop in close gene–environment interactions. The visual system of birds like chicks and pigeons exemplifies how sensory experience shapes lateralized visual processing. Owing to an asymmetrical posture of the embryo in the egg, the right eye/ left brain side is more strongly light‐stimulated what triggers asymmetrical differentiation processes leading to a left‐hemispheric dominance for visuomotor control. In pigeons (Columba livia), a critical neuroanatomical element is the asymmetrically organized tectofugal pathway. Here, more fibres cross from the right tectum to the left rotundus than vice versa. In the current study, we tested whether the emergence of this projection asymmetry depends on embryonic light stimulation by tracing tectorotundal neurons in pigeons with and without lateralized embryonic light experience. The quantitative tracing pattern confirmed higher bilateral innervation of the left rotundus in light‐exposed and thus, asymmetrically light‐stimulated pigeons. This was the same in light‐deprived pigeons. Here, however, also the right rotundus received an equally strong bilateral input. This suggests that embryonic light stimulation does not increase bilateral tectal innervation of the stronger stimulated left but rather decreases such an input pattern to the right brain side. Combined with a morphometric analysis, our data indicate that embryonic photic stimulation specifically affects differentiation of the contralateral cell population. Differential modification of ipsi‐ and contralateral tectorotundal connections could have important impact on the regulation of intra‐ and interhemispheric information transfer and ultimately on hemispheric dominance pattern during visual processing.

中文翻译:

鸽子的足突投影的光依赖性发展。

在动物界中,大脑结构和功能组织的左右差异广泛存在,并在紧密的基因-环境相互作用中发展。鸟类(如小鸡和鸽子)的视觉系统体现了感官体验如何塑造横向视觉处理。由于卵中胚胎的不对称姿势,右眼/左脑侧受到更强烈的光刺激,从而触发不对称分化过程,从而导致视觉运动控制的左半球占主导地位。在鸽子(哥伦巴livia),关键的神经解剖元素是不对称组织的tectofugal途径。在这里,更多的纤维从右顶盖穿过到左圆形,而不是相反。在当前的研究中,我们通过追踪有或没有侧向胚胎光经验的鸽子中的胸腺足神经元,来测试这种投射不对称的出现是否取决于胚胎光刺激。定量示踪模式证实了受光照并因此受光刺激不对称的鸽子的左圆形双侧神经支配率更高。轻度鸽子也是如此。但是,这里的右圆形肌也受到了同样强烈的双边投入。这表明胚胎光刺激并不会增加受刺激的左侧的双侧坐骨神经支配,而是会减少这种向右脑侧的输入方式。结合形态计量学分析,我们的数据表明胚胎的光刺激特别影响对侧细胞群体的分化。同侧和对侧t足连接的不同修饰可能对视觉内和半球之间信息传递的调节产生重要影响,并最终对视觉处理过程中的半球优势模式产生重要影响。
更新日期:2020-05-09
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