Quinoa is an Andean grain that is increasingly gaining international attention. In recent years, the crop has also emerged in Peruvian regions at lower altitudes (including the Coast). This study investigated the insect diversity associated with quinoa by collecting insects with pitfall traps throughout the crop phenology in three altitudinal zones of Peru: San Lorenzo, in the traditional production region, Junin; and Majes and La Molina in the non-traditional regions Arequipa and Lima, respectively. Our data revealed that the alpha diversity (in terms of species evenness and species richness) was highest in the Andean zone, San Lorenzo, and lowest in Majes. As to the functional groups (herbivores and natural enemies), no differences between field sites in species evenness were found but San Lorenzo was significantly superior to the other zones in species richness of both functional guilds. The analysis of beta diversity revealed large differences among field sites in terms of entomofauna composition, with few species in common; the key pest of quinoa in South America, Eurysacca melanocampta, was found at the three localities. The results of this study can contribute to a more sustainable pest management system taking into account insect-mediated ecosystem services like biological control.

中文翻译：

---

秘鲁三个海拔生产区与藜（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）相关的昆虫多样性

藜麦是一种越来越受到国际关注的安第斯谷物。近年来，秘鲁低海拔地区（包括海岸）也出现了这种作物。本研究通过在秘鲁的三个海拔区域收集带有陷阱陷阱的昆虫，调查了与藜麦相关的昆虫多样性：传统产区胡宁的圣洛伦索；以及非传统地区阿雷基帕和利马的 Majes 和 La Molina。我们的数据显示，阿尔法多样性（就物种均匀度和物种丰富度而言）在安第斯地区圣洛伦索最高，而在马杰斯最低。至于功能组（食草动物和天敌），在物种均匀度方面没有发现野外站点之间的差异，但圣洛伦索在两个功能性行会的物种丰富度方面明显优于其他区域。贝塔多样性分析显示，野外地点在昆虫群组成方面存在很大差异，共同的物种很少；南美洲藜麦的主要害虫 Eurysacca melanocampta 在这三个地方被发现。考虑到昆虫介导的生态系统服务，如生物控制，这项研究的结果有助于建立更可持续的害虫管理系统。在三个地方发现。考虑到昆虫介导的生态系统服务，如生物控制，这项研究的结果有助于建立更可持续的害虫管理系统。在三个地方发现。考虑到昆虫介导的生态系统服务，如生物控制，这项研究的结果有助于建立更可持续的害虫管理系统。