This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the effect of pre-heat temperature on stretch forming of a fibre metal laminate (FML) comprised of alternating layers of steel and woven (0/90) glass-fibre polypropylene in a 2:1 configuration. Hourglass sample geometries were formed in an open die and real-time photogrammetry was used to measure the evolution of strain fields over the lower surface of each sample. The sample pre-heat temperatures were 140 °C (above the crystallization temperature) and 170 °C (melt temperature of polypropylene). For each temperature, a forming limit curve (FLC) was determined based on ISO 12004-2:2008 and compared to the FLC of the steel skin. The experimental results demonstrate that pre-heat temperature of 140 °C enables sufficient matrix flow such that the formability of the FML is comparable to the formability of the steel sheet. Furthermore, the FML stretch-forming process was simulated using commercial finite element software, LSDYNA, with an explicit solver. The glass-fibre polypropylene material behaviour was simulated with a curve fitting technique of material characterization test results. A user-defined subroutine (UMAT) was developed for the composite material modelling through all process temperatures. The simulation, justified with experiments, provided a numerical model of the hybrid material to utilise for forming complex shapes.

本文提供了实验和数值研究，研究了预热温度对拉伸成型的纤维金属层压板（FML）的影响，该层压板由钢和编织（0/90）玻璃纤维聚丙烯以2：1构型交替排列而成。在开放式模具中形成沙漏样品的几何形状，并使用实时摄影测量法来测量每个样品下表面的应变场的演变。样品的预热温度为140°C（高于结晶温度）和170°C（聚丙烯的熔融温度）。对于每个温度，根据ISO 12004-2：2008确定成形极限曲线（FLC），并将其与钢皮的FLC进行比较。实验结果表明，140°C的预热温度可使基质充分流动，从而使FML的可成形性与钢板的可成形性相当。此外，使用商业有限元软件LSDYNA和显式求解器模拟了FML拉伸成形过程。用材料表征测试结果的曲线拟合技术模拟了玻璃纤维聚丙烯材料的行为。开发了一个用户定义的子例程（UMAT），用于在所有过程温度下对复合材料进行建模。通过实验证明，该模拟提供了用于形成复杂形状的混合材料的数值模型。LSDYNA，带有显式求解器。用材料表征测试结果的曲线拟合技术模拟了玻璃纤维聚丙烯材料的行为。开发了一个用户定义的子例程（UMAT），用于在所有过程温度下对复合材料进行建模。通过实验证明，该模拟提供了用于形成复杂形状的混合材料的数值模型。LSDYNA，带有显式求解器。用材料表征测试结果的曲线拟合技术模拟了玻璃纤维聚丙烯材料的行为。开发了一个用户定义的子例程（UMAT），用于在所有过程温度下对复合材料进行建模。通过实验证明，该模拟提供了用于形成复杂形状的混合材料的数值模型。