Serum microRNAs (miRNAs), with their noticeable stability and unique expression pattern in patients with various diseases, are robust novel non-invasive biomarkers for cancer detection. The objective of this study was to identify specific serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for screening lung adenocarcinoma. The study was divided into a screening phase, training phase, and validation phase. The expression of 46 serum miRNAs from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and healthy controls (HCs) were examined in the screening phase. The expression of the most dysregulated miRNAs was further verified in training (30 LUAD vs. 30 HCs) and validation (82 LUAD vs. 90 HCs) phases. Seven serum miRNAs (miR-142-5p, miR-203a-5p, miR-409-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-486-5p and miR-146a-5p) in LUAD patients were significantly dysregulated compared to those in HCs. Their ability to diagnose lung cancer was also significant, with miR-142-5p (AUC = 0.743), miR-409-3p (AUC = 0.755), miR-223-3p (AUC = 0.828) and miR-146a-5p (AUC = 0.745) being more prominent. The combined use of these four could enhance diagnostic value (AUC = 0.933). Our findings define a distinct miRNA expression profile in the serum of LUAD patients. The four-miRNA panel (miR-142-5p, miR-409-3p, miR-223-3p and 146a-5p) may be considered as a novel, non-invasive biomarker for LUAD early detection.

中文翻译：

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四种血清 miRNA 的组合用于筛查肺腺癌。

血清 microRNA (miRNA) 在各种疾病患者中具有显着的稳定性和独特的表达模式，是用于癌症检测的新型非侵入性生物标志物。本研究的目的是确定特定的血清 miRNA 作为筛查肺腺癌的潜在生物标志物。该研究分为筛选阶段、训练阶段和验证阶段。在筛选阶段检查了来自肺腺癌 (LUAD) 患者和健康对照 (HC) 的 46 种血清 miRNA 的表达。在训练（30 LUAD vs. 30 HCs）和验证（82 LUAD vs. 90 HCs）阶段进一步验证了最失调的 miRNAs 的表达。七种血清 miRNA（miR-142-5p、miR-203a-5p、miR-409-3p、miR-223-3p、miR-150-5p、与 HCs 相比，LUAD 患者中的 miR-486-5p 和 miR-146a-5p）显着失调。他们诊断肺癌的能力也很显着，miR-142-5p (AUC = 0.743)、miR-409-3p (AUC = 0.755)、miR-223-3p (AUC = 0.828) 和 miR-146a-5p ( AUC = 0.745）更为突出。这四种的联合使用可以提高诊断价值（AUC = 0.933）。我们的研究结果定义了 LUAD 患者血清中独特的 miRNA 表达谱。四 miRNA 组（miR-142-5p、miR-409-3p、miR-223-3p 和 146a-5p）可被视为 LUAD 早期检测的新型非侵入性生物标志物。这四种的联合使用可以提高诊断价值（AUC = 0.933）。我们的研究结果定义了 LUAD 患者血清中独特的 miRNA 表达谱。四 miRNA 组（miR-142-5p、miR-409-3p、miR-223-3p 和 146a-5p）可被视为 LUAD 早期检测的新型非侵入性生物标志物。这四种的联合使用可以提高诊断价值（AUC = 0.933）。我们的研究结果定义了 LUAD 患者血清中独特的 miRNA 表达谱。四 miRNA 组（miR-142-5p、miR-409-3p、miR-223-3p 和 146a-5p）可被视为 LUAD 早期检测的新型非侵入性生物标志物。