The use of bioactive scaffolds in tissue engineering has a significant effect on the damaged tissue healing by an increase in speed and quality of the process. Herein, electrospinning was applied to fabricate composite nanofibrous scaffolds by Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and Polyurethane (PU) with and without poly-phosphate (poly-P). Scaffolds were characterized morphologically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their biocompatibility was also investigated by SEM, protein adsorption, cell attachment and survival assays. The applicability of the scaffolds for bladder tissue engineering was also evaluated by culturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the scaffolds and their differentiation into smooth muscle cell (SMC) was studied at the gene and protein levels. The results demonstrated that scaffold biocompatibility was increased significantly by loading poly-P. SMC related gene and protein expression level in MSCs cultured on poly-P-loaded scaffold was also increased significantly compared to those cells cultured on empty scaffold. It can be concluded that poly-P hasn’t also increased scaffold biocompatibility, but also SMC differentiation potential of MSCs was also increased while cultured on the poly-P containing scaffold compared to the empty scaffold. Taken together, our study showed that PLGA–PU–poly-P alone and in combination with MSCs has a promising potential for support urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue engineering.

中文翻译：

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聚磷酸盐可提高PLGA-聚氨酯纳米纤维支架上间充质干细胞的SMC分化。

生物活性支架在组织工程中的使用通过提高过程的速度和质量，对受损的组织愈合具有重要影响。在本文中，通过具有和不具有聚磷酸盐（poly-P）的聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）和聚氨酯（PU）将静电纺丝应用于制造复合纳米纤维支架。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对支架进行形态学表征，并通过SEM，蛋白质吸附，细胞附着和存活试验研究其生物相容性。还通过在支架上培养间充质干细胞（MSC）评估了支架在膀胱组织工程中的适用性，并在基因和蛋白质水平上研究了它们向平滑肌细胞（SMC）的分化。结果表明，通过加载poly-P，支架的生物相容性显着提高。与在空支架上培养的细胞相比，在多聚P支架上培养的MSC中与SMC相关的基因和蛋白质表达水平也显着提高。可以得出结论，与空支架相比，poly-P并没有增加支架的生物相容性，而且在含poly-P的支架上培养时，MSC的SMC分化潜能也增加了。综上所述，我们的研究表明，单独的PLGA-PU-poly-P以及与MSC结合使用，在支持膀胱平滑肌组织工程方面具有广阔的前景。与在空支架上培养的细胞相比，在多聚P支架上培养的MSC中与SMC相关的基因和蛋白质表达水平也显着提高。可以得出结论，与空支架相比，poly-P并没有增加支架的生物相容性，而且在含poly-P的支架上培养时，MSC的SMC分化潜能也增加了。综上所述，我们的研究表明，单独的PLGA-PU-poly-P以及与MSC结合使用，在支持膀胱平滑肌组织工程方面具有广阔的前景。与在空支架上培养的细胞相比，在多聚P支架上培养的MSC中与SMC相关的基因和蛋白质表达水平也显着提高。可以得出结论，与空支架相比，poly-P并没有增加支架的生物相容性，而且在含poly-P的支架上培养时，MSC的SMC分化潜能也增加了。综上所述，我们的研究表明，单独的PLGA-PU-poly-P以及与MSC结合使用，在支持膀胱平滑肌组织工程方面具有广阔的前景。