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Loss of the Polyketide Synthase StlB Results in Stalk Cell Overproduction in Polysphondylium violaceum.
Genome Biology and Evolution ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-18 , DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa079
Takaaki B Narita 1, 2 , Yoshinori Kawabe 1 , Koryu Kin 1 , Richard A Gibbs 3 , Adam Kuspa 3, 4, 5 , Donna M Muzny 3 , Stephen Richards 3, 6 , Joan E Strassmann 7 , Richard Sucgang 3, 4 , Kim C Worley 3 , Pauline Schaap 1
Affiliation  

Major phenotypic innovations in social amoeba evolution occurred at the transition between the Polysphondylia and group 4 Dictyostelia, which comprise the model organism D. discoideum (Ddis), such as the formation of a new structure, the basal disc. Basal disc differentiation and robust stalk formation requires the morphogen DIF-1, synthesized by the polyketide synthase StlB, the des-methyl-DIF-1 methyltransferase DmtA and the chlorinase ChlA, which are conserved throughout Dictyostelia. To understand how the basal disc and other innovations evolved in group 4, we sequenced and annotated the Polysphondylium violaceum (Pvio) genome, performed cell-type specific transcriptomics to identify cell-type marker genes, and developed transformation and gene knock-out procedures for Pvio. We used the novel methods to delete the Pvio stlB gene. The Pvio stlB- mutants formed misshapen curly sorogens with thick and irregular stalks. As fruiting body formation continued, the upper stalks became more regular, but structures contained 40% less spores. The stlB- sorogens overexpressed a stalk gene and under-expressed a (pre)spore gene. Normal fruiting body formation and sporulation were restored in Pvio stlB- by including DIF-1 in the supporting agar. These data indicate that, while conserved, stlB and its product(s) acquired both a novel role in the group 4 Dictyostelia and a role opposite to that in its sister group.

中文翻译:

聚酮化合物合酶 StlB 的缺失会导致 Polysphondylium v​​iolaceum 中的茎细胞过度生产。

社会变形虫进化的主要表型创新发生在 Polysphondylia 和第 4 组 Dictyostelia 之间的过渡,其中包括模式生物 D. discoideum (Ddis),例如新结构的形成,即基底盘。基盘分化和健壮的茎形成需要形态发生素 DIF-1,它由聚酮合成酶 StlB、脱甲基-DIF-1 甲基转移酶 DmtA 和氯化酶 ChlA 合成,它们在整个网柄菌中都是保守的。为了解基盘和其他创新在第 4 组中是如何进化的,我们对 Polysphondylium v​​iolaceum (Pvio) 基因组进行了测序和注释,进行了细胞类型特异性转录组学以确定细胞类型标记基因,并开发了转化和基因敲除程序Pvio。我们使用新方法删除 Pvio stlB 基因。Pvio stlB- 突变体形成了畸形的卷曲种子,其茎粗且不规则。随着子实体继续形成,上部茎变得更加规则,但结构中包含的孢子减少了 40%。stlB-sorogens 过表达茎基因和低表达(前)孢子基因。通过在支持琼脂中包含 DIF-1,在 Pvio stlB- 中恢复了正常的子实体形成和孢子形成。这些数据表明,虽然保守,但 stlB 及其产物在第 4 组 Dictyostelia 中获得了新的作用,并且与其姐妹组中的作用相反。通过在支持琼脂中包含 DIF-1,在 Pvio stlB- 中恢复了正常的子实体形成和孢子形成。这些数据表明,虽然保守,但 stlB 及其产物在第 4 组 Dictyostelia 中获得了新的作用,并且与其姐妹组中的作用相反。通过在支持琼脂中包含 DIF-1,在 Pvio stlB- 中恢复了正常的子实体形成和孢子形成。这些数据表明,虽然保守,但 stlB 及其产物在第 4 组 Dictyostelia 中获得了新的作用,并且与其姐妹组中的作用相反。
更新日期:2020-04-18
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