Tuberculosis is an ancient infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is still nowadays afflicting humans all over the world. It causes ill-health for 10 million people each year. Tuberculosis (TB) has been the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS. In recent years, infection with HIV represents a major risk factor predisposing for infection and TB is the most common cause of AIDS-related death. Despite the treatment of HIV-associated TB has essentially retraced that recommended in HIV-negative cases, it has disclosed some additional challenges over the years. The association of delayed and missed diagnoses, logistic accidents and some well-known complications of HIV and TB treatment co-administration has contributed to 300,000 people living with HIV died from a preventable and curable disease like TB in 2017. The evaluation of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches with the struggle to erase stigma are essential to successfully manage HIV-TB coinfection.

中文翻译：

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艾滋病毒和结核病：双重疾病的悖论及其历史上的斗争挑战

结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的一种古老的传染病，至今仍困扰着世界各地的人类。它每年导致 1000 万人健康不佳。结核病 (TB) 一直是单一传染源导致死亡的主要原因，其排名高于艾滋病毒/艾滋病。近年来，艾滋病毒感染是导致感染的主要危险因素，而结核病是艾滋病相关死亡的最常见原因。尽管 HIV 相关结核病的治疗基本上回溯了在 HIV 阴性病例中推荐的治疗方法，但这些年来也披露了一些额外的挑战。延误和漏诊、后勤事故和一些众所周知的 HIV 和结核病联合治疗并发症的关联已导致 300,