It is very important that making full use of the regional precipitation resources, evaluating the comprehensive risks overall and choosing drought-resisting and disaster-avoiding cropping system reasonably. Based on the meteorological data from 1961 to 2017 and crop growth period data from 1981 to 2017 in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Province was divided into seven agro-ecological zones and one non-agricultural zone according to their interregional differences and regional similarities in aspects of nature, social economy and current agricultural infrastructures. Besides, the representative station and cropping system in each region were selected. This paper evaluated the current cropping systems and cropping patterns in different agro-ecological zones of Sichuan Province by calculating the ensure index of precipitation, the yield variation coefficient, the ratio of sown area to cultivated area and the disaster resistance capability coefficient of agricultural planting areas in Sichuan Province under the background of droughts. Moreover, taking representative stations as an example, the evaluation index of cropping system optimization was put forward based on four factors, namely risk, vulnerability, exposure and the capacity of drought prevention and disaster reduction, from the perspective of the natural disaster formation mechanism. Then, a risk assessment model was established to evaluate the cropping system optimization in different agro-ecological zones of Sichuan Province. The results showed that winter wheat-maize-sweet potato (soybean) triple cropping pattern in upland is the best cropping system for the wide valley area of Southwest Sichuan (such as Panzhihua), the mountain area of Southwest Sichuan (such as Xichang), the basin-edged mountain area (such as Guangyuan) and the parallel ridge-valley area of eastern basin (such as Dazhou). Winter wheat (rape)-maize-soybean triple cropping pattern in upland is the best cropping system for the hilly area in southern basin (such as Yibin). Winter wheat (rape)-maize-soybean (sweet potato) triple cropping pattern in upland is the best cropping system for the summer-drought-prone hilly area of central basin (such as Suining). Paddy potato-upland rice rotation double cropping pattern is optimal for the Chengdu Plain under the moist climate.

充分利用区域降水资源，全面评估综合风险，合理选择抗旱抗灾作物种植体系，是十分重要的。根据1961年至2017年的气象数据和1981年至2017年四川省的作物生长期数据，根据自然界之间的区域间差异和区域相似性，将四川省分为七个农业生态区和一个非农业区。 ，社会经济和当前的农业基础设施。此外，还选择了每个地区的代表站和种植系统。通过计算降水保证指数，评估了四川省不同农业生态区目前的种植制度和种植方式，干旱背景下四川省农作物种植面积的产量变异系数，播种面积比与耕作区的抗灾能力系数。此外，以代表站为例，从自然灾害形成机理的角度，基于风险，脆弱性，暴露程度以及防旱减灾能力四个因素，提出了种植系统优化评价指标。然后，建立了一个风险评估模型，以评估四川省不同农业生态区的种植系统优化。结果表明，旱地冬小麦-玉米-甜薯（大豆）三重种植方式是川西南地区（如攀枝花），川西南山区（如西昌）的最佳种植制度，盆地边缘的山区（如广元）和东部盆地的平行脊谷地区（如达州）。陆地上冬小麦（油菜）－玉米－大豆的三重种植方式是南部盆地（如宜宾）丘陵地区的最佳种植制度。在中部盆地（如遂宁）夏季干旱多发的丘陵地区，冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆（红薯）的三重种植方式是最佳的种植系统。湿润气候条件下，成都平原地区最适宜稻薯-旱稻轮作双作模式。四川西南山区（如西昌），盆地边缘山区（如广元）和东部盆地的平行谷脊地区（如达州）。陆地上冬小麦（油菜）－玉米－大豆的三重种植方式是南部盆地（如宜宾）丘陵地区的最佳种植制度。在中部盆地（如遂宁）夏季干旱多发的丘陵地区，冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆（红薯）的三重种植方式是最佳的种植系统。湿润气候条件下，成都平原地区最适宜稻薯-旱稻轮作双作模式。四川西南山区（如西昌），盆地边缘山区（如广元）和东部盆地的平行谷脊地区（如达州）。陆地上冬小麦（油菜）－玉米－大豆的三重种植方式是南部盆地（如宜宾）丘陵地区的最佳种植制度。在中部盆地（如遂宁）夏季干旱多发的丘陵地区，冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆（红薯）的三重种植方式是最佳的种植系统。湿润气候条件下，成都平原地区最适宜稻薯-旱稻轮作双作模式。陆地上冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆的三重种植方式是南部盆地（如宜宾）丘陵地区的最佳种植制度。在中部盆地（如遂宁）夏季干旱多发的丘陵地区，冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆（红薯）的三重种植方式是最佳的种植系统。湿润气候条件下，成都平原地区最适宜稻薯-旱稻轮作双作模式。陆地上冬小麦（油菜）－玉米－大豆的三重种植方式是南部盆地（如宜宾）丘陵地区的最佳种植制度。在中部盆地（如遂宁）夏季干旱多发的丘陵地区，冬小麦（油菜）-玉米-大豆（红薯）的三重种植方式是最佳的种植系统。湿润气候条件下，成都平原地区最适宜稻薯-旱稻轮作双作模式。