Abstract We study how the mode of dynamic habitat loss and fragmentation can impact the levels of biodiversity in an ecosystem. The problem is formulated into the framework of resource-based modelling and, opposed to previous studies relying on neutral models, here elements of niche theory are incorporated into the modeling by considering that the species are not ecologically equivalent. In our model the habitat loss is carried out by using a fractal landscape that is constructed through the use of fractional Brownian motion. Thus we can tune the roughness of the landscape by changing the Hurst exponent. We show that both the mode of habitat loss and the level of environmental heterogeneity influence the patterns of species distribution. We notice a larger impact of fragmentation on the number of species when the fragments are more compact. We observe that the relationship between biodiversity and heterogeneity is described by a one-humped function.

中文翻译：

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异质环境中动态破碎对生物多样性的影响

摘要 我们研究动态栖息地丧失和破碎的模式如何影响生态系统中的生物多样性水平。该问题被制定到基于资源的建模框架中，与之前依赖中性模型的研究相反，这里考虑到物种在生态上不是等效的，因此将生态位理论的元素纳入建模中。在我们的模型中，栖息地丧失是通过使用分数布朗运动构建的分形景观来实现的。因此，我们可以通过改变 Hurst 指数来调整景观的粗糙度。我们表明，栖息地丧失的模式和环境异质性的水平都会影响物种分布的模式。当碎片更紧凑时，我们注意到碎片对物种数量的影响更大。