Saturable Absorption and Bistable Switching of Single Mode Fiber Core‐Guided Light by a 6 nm‐thick, Few Layers Graphene Coating on the Cladding Surface,Annalen Der Physik

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Saturable Absorption and Bistable Switching of Single Mode Fiber Core‐Guided Light by a 6 nm‐thick, Few Layers Graphene Coating on the Cladding Surface
Annalen Der Physik ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-08 , DOI: 10.1002/andp.202000157
Fu Liu ₁ , Mei Qi ₂ , Tuan Guo ₃ , Jacques Albert ₁

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The coupling of less than 80 µW of in‐plane polarized near‐infrared light in a 6 nm‐thick graphene layer deposited on an optical fiber produces important permittivity changes leading to bistability and self‐starting 50% modulation of over 1 W of continuous wave light in the core. These features arise from resonant coupling of core‐guided light into the cladding by a 12‐degree tilted, 1 cm long fiber Bragg grating via narrowband, polarization‐dependent resonances that allow the selection of cladding modes with electric fields polarized in the plane of the graphene. The pulse repetition rate of the modulation increases from 10 to 269 Hz for input powers ranging from 0.3 to 1.33 W in the core, with no evidence of saturation. Investigations into the origin of these effects through physical modelling and different experimental conditions point to photo‐induced Joule heating in the graphene layer giving rise to temperature increases of the order of 60 °C and corresponding permittivity changes in the graphene and underlying silica fiber. Those changes lead to shifts in the resonance positions which result in the equivalent of saturable absorption for light guided in the core without direct contact with the absorbing graphene layer.

中文翻译：

单模光纤芯引导光在包层表面上厚6 nm的几层石墨烯涂层的饱和吸收和双稳态切换

在沉积在光纤上的6 nm厚石墨烯层中，不到80 µW的面内偏振近红外光的耦合会产生重要的介电常数变化，从而导致双稳性和连续波超过1 W时自启动50％调制轻在核心。这些特征是由纤芯引导光通过窄带，偏振相关的窄带共振通过12度倾斜，1 cm长的光纤布拉格光栅共振耦合到包层中的结果，从而允许选择电场在极化平面内极化的包层模式。石墨烯。对于内核中输入功率范围从0.3到1.33 W的调制，脉冲重复率从10 Hz增加到269 Hz，没有饱和的迹象。通过物理建模和不同的实验条件对这些影响的起源进行的研究表明，石墨烯层中的光诱导焦耳加热会导致温度升高约60°C，并且石墨烯和下面的石英纤维的介电常数会相应变化。这些变化会导致共振位置发生偏移，从而导致在芯中导引的光不与吸收性石墨烯层直接接触就产生等效的饱和吸收。

更新日期：2020-05-08

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